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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2024, Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 188-199

Resilience of the landscapes of Kalmykia and Dagestan to long-term climate changes

V.V. Vinogradova 1, 2 , T.B. Titkova 1 
1 Institute of Geography RAS, Moscow, Russia
2 National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 28.10.2024
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2024-21-6-188-199
All climate change scenarios predict a further increase in global surface temperature, at least until the middle of the current century. Current and future climate changes may lead to alterations in the composition, structure, and functioning of plant communities, where heat and moisture are limiting factors for vegetation survival. The landscapes resilience assessment to long-term climate changes was conducted for Kalmykia and Dagestan using climate characteristics: temperature, precipitation, aridity index, and a complex index indicating the impact of climate change on natural ecosystems. The estimate of underlying surface’s (including temperature and vegetation cover) response to climate changes is based on satellite monitoring data from the ERA5-Land (ECMWF ReAnalysis 5-Land) reanalysis and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). An assessment of the Caspian desert-steppe zone biomes resilience to long-term climate change demonstrates that the lowland biomes of Dagestan and Kalmykia are enough sustainable to climate change at the beginning of the 21st century. However, the intensification of climate changes in 2011–2020 leads to a decrease in the resilience of the foothill and low-mountain biomes of Dagestan under the influence of rising temperatures and decreasing precipitation, as confirmed by changes in surface temperature and the vegetation index NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), reflecting the response of the underlying surface.
Keywords: resilience, landscape, climate changes, climate change impact index on natural ecosystems, normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI, surface temperature, biome
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