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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2022, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 293-300

Satellite observations of dust storms in southern Russia in 2022

S.S. Shinkarenko 1 , S.А. Bartalev 1 
1 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 04.11.2022
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2022-19-6-293-300
Dust storms in the south of the European part of Russia have been observed annually since the autumn of 2020. The drought of 2020 and the unregulated grazing of livestock served as the preconditions for intensification of deflation processes. They led to the destruction of the vegetation cover on large areas of pastures in the Republics of Kalmykia and Dagestan, the Stavropol Krai and the Astrakhan Region. As a result, an increase in wind speed intensify aeolian processes up to the appearance of large-scale sand and dust plumes that reach the central part of Ukraine and southern Belarus. In 2022, dust storms were observed almost monthly from March to August. The report shows the results of mapping the sand and dust plumes based on the difference of 11 and 12 µm MODIS (Aqua) (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) channels in these regions, as well as in the south of Western Siberia. It is shown that atmospheric and soil drought contributes to the increased risk of dust storms. Deviation of soil surface moisture during the period of the most frequent dust storms in the south of European Russia reached 2.3 % (0.023 m3/m3) in August and 5 % (0.05 m3/m3) in April before the May dust storms in the south of Western Siberia. The results obtained can be used to develop a system for predicting the risk of dust storms.
Keywords: Kalmykia, Dagestan, Omsk Region, dust storms, remote sensing, desertification, deflation
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