Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2022, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 9-22
Review of modern approaches to image processing in problems of space exploration
B.A. Yumatov
1 , E.V. Belinskaya
1 , R.V. Bessonov
1 , A.N. Vasileiskaya
1 1 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 02.08.2022
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2022-19-4-9-22
In the past decade, there have been significant changes in approaches to solving problems of technical vision. In almost all existing problems, classical approaches have been superseded by artificial intelligence algorithms and, in particular, by neural networks, which show noticeably higher accuracy and in some cases open the possibility of obtaining practically applicable results in tasks where there were no working solutions before. An additional incentive for the above changes was the widespread availability of powerful computing devices, in particular graphic processors, which currently have dimensions that allow them to be used in embedded systems and thus solve applied problems in real time. Space in this case is no exception and, with some delay, gets on the rails of general trends. The article discusses the existing precedents for the use of artificial intelligence algorithms in space exploration, as well as the research and work that is being done in this direction. The issue of on-board execution of such algorithms is discussed, a brief review is given of existing and future developments in the field of space computing devices, the characteristics of which suggest the possibility of executing resource-intensive and parallel algorithms on them.
Keywords: machine vision, image processing, artificial intelligence, neural networks, convolutional neural networks, remote sensing, non-cooperative interaction, planet rover, computing devices
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