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Extended chronology on wildfires for local territories of Eastern Siberia

A.V. Malkanova^{1, 2} , A.N. Zabrodin^{1, 2} , E.I. Ponomarev^{1, 2}

¹ Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
² Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Accepted: 11.09.2021
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2021-18-5-65-73

A method for monitoring the dynamics of fire regimes is proposed based on extended chronologies using modern and retrospective satellite data from open sources. The data of channels 1 (0.45–0.52 microns), 2 (0.52–0.60 microns), 3 (0.63–0.69 microns) of Landsat-4, -5 MSS C1 and Landsat-8/OLI was used for the period 1986–2015. The dynamics of forest burning in Eastern Siberia (the territory of the Lena River basin in the middle flow) is reviewed. The dependency of fire frequency and burned area from the level of heat and moisture supply is shown for local territories of Eastern Siberia. The possible range of forest burning (number and area of fires) was evaluated for the study area in extreme drought conditions, confirmed by historical data. The maximum fire frequency was due to extreme weather conditions in 1986, when the hydrothermal coefficient (0.36) was 3 times lower than normal mean level (0.99±0.25), which has not been repeated for the last 20 years. It is shown that potentially the average annual values of the number of fires can be 2.5 times higher than the current statistics. Extended data on fires allow us to state that a significant increase in fire statistics for the region is possible under conditions of the aridity increasing.

Keywords: Siberia, remote sensing, satellite data, forest fire, Landsat, hydrothermal coefficient (HTC)

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