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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2020, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 181-190

Streamflow response of the Ural River to basin snow depth changes during 2001–2019

A.G. Terekhov 1, 2 , N.I. Ivkina 2 , N.N. Abayev 2, 3 , A.V. Galayeva 2 , A.G. Yeltay 3 
1 Institute of Information and Computing Technology MES RK, Almaty, Kazakhstan
2 RSE Kazhydromet, Almaty, Kazakhstan
3 al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Accepted: 05.08.2020
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2020-17-5-181-190
The paper considers the transboundary runoff of the Ural River (Russia – Kazakhstan), which flows into the Caspian Sea. The Ural River is mainly snow-fed. The average annual river flow in Kazakhstan at the Kushum gauging station is about 9 km3. The relationship between the annual Ural River outflow and the average snow depth in its basin was studied. The daily product Snow Depth FEWS NET for the period 2001–2019 was used. It is shown that if several years with abnormal weather conditions are excluded from consideration, the average snow cover depth in the Ural River basin in the period from March 1 to April 15 is closely related to the annual river runoff, the coefficient of determination is 0.889. In the period from 2001 to 2019, abnormal weather conditions were in 2002, 2004, 2007, 2010 and 2011, of which 2002 and 2004 were characterized by increased volumes of annual river runoff compared to the expected level, and 2007, 2010, 2011 by decreased volumes. The severe drought of 2010 was the obvious reason for the understatement of the Ural River outflow in 2010 and 2011. The forecast of the annual outflow for 2020 based on the average snow depth derived by Snow Depth FEWS NET in its basin indicates the expected low-water season. The forecast volume of annual runoff in 2020 is 3.1±1.1 km3.
Keywords: Ural River basin, snow depth, Snow Depth FEWS NET, annual river outflow, linear regression, annual river outflow forecast
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