Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2012, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 249-257
Snow Cover of the East European Lain According to the Multi-Frequency Microwave Satellite Radiometry
L.M. Kitaev
1, V.V Tikhonov
2, D.A. Boyarskii
2, T.B. Titkova
1, N.Yu. Komarova 2
21 Institute of Geography RAS, 109017, Moscow, Staromonetniy per., 29
2 Space Research Institute, 117997, Moscow, Profsojuznaya, 84/32
Features of the interaction of microwave radiation with snow cover are investigated to clarify the methods for evaluating the spatial distribution of snow cover. For local conditions the approaches to modeling of changes in the surface brightness temperature depending of the snow cover structure are developed, the causes and possible values of the errors are identified. Comparative characteristics of spatial and temporal variability of the model, satellite and surface data are held for key areas of the East European plain. The similarity of the fields of satellite brightness temperatures, the actual surface air temperature and snow depth are estimated.
Keywords: microwave radiation, dielectric model, brightness temperature, satellite data, stratigraphy a snow cover, existential variability
Full textReferences:
- Boren K., Khafmen D., Pogloshchenie i rasseyanie sveta malymi chastitsami (The absorption and scattering of light by small particles), 1986, Moscow: Mir, 664 p.
- Boyarskii D.A., Tikhonov V.V., Vliyanie prostranstvennogo raspredeleniya vlagi i sloistosti snezhnogo pokrova na ego radioyarkostnuyu temperaturu (The influence of the spatial distribution of moisture and the layering of snow on its radio brightness temperature), Moscow: IKI RAN (Preprint), 2004. Pr-2103, 21 p.
- Krenke A.N., Razuvaev V.N., Kitaev L.M., Martuganov R.A., Shakirzyanov R.I., Kriosfera Zemli, 2000, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 97–106.
- Kopanev I.D., Metody izucheniya snezhnogo pokrova (Snow cover study methods), Moscow: Gidrometeoizdat, 1971, 226 p.
- Rikhter G.D., Trudy Instituta geografii AN SSSR, 1948, Issue. 40, pp. 64–75.
- Boyarskii D.A., Tikhonov V.V., The Influence of Stratigraphy on Microwave Radiation from Natural Snow Cover, Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 2000, Vol. 14, No. 9, pp. 1265–1285.
- Boyarskii D.A., Tikhonov V.V., Kleeorin N.I., Mirovskii V.G., Inclusion of Scattering Losses in the Models of the Effective Permittivity of Dielectric Mixtures and Applications to Wet Snow, Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 1994, Vol. 8, No. 11, pp. 1395–1410.
- Boyarskii D.A., Tikhonov V.V., Komarova N.Yu., Model of Dielectric Constant of Bound Water in Soil for Applications of Microwave Remote Sensing, Progress in Electromagnetic Research, 2001, pp. 251–270.
- Chang A.T.C., Foster J.L., Hall D., Rango A., Hartline B., Snow Water Equivalence Determination by Microwave Radiometry, Cold Regions Science and Technology, 1982, No. 5, pp. 259–267.
- Chang A.T.C., Foster J.L., Hall D.K., Nimbus-7 SMMR Derived Global Snow Cover Parameters, Annals of Glaciology, 1987, No. 9, pp. 39–44.
- Chang A.T.C., Foster J.L., Hall D.K, Effects of Forest on the Snow Parameters Derived from Microwave Measurements during the BOREAS Winter Field Campaign, Hydrological Processes, 1996, No.10, pp. 1565–1574.
- Colbeck S.C., Snow metamorphism and classification, Seasonal Snowcovers: Physics, Chemistry, Hydrology, NATO ASI Series, 1987, Vol. 211, pp. 1–35.
- Sharkov E.A., Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Earth, 2003, Physical Foundations, Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester, UK, 613 p.