Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2011, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 255-262
The mechanism of formation of polar cyclones and possibility their
predictions by using satellite observation data
I.V. Mingalev
, K.G. Orlov
, V.S. Mingalev
Polar Geophysical Institute of RAS, (PGI RAS), 184209 Murmansk region, Apatity, Academgorodok 26a
The mechanism of formation of polar cyclones in the field of the Arctic front in a winter troposphere of the northern hemisphere is investigated by means of numerical modeling. Used model is based on numerical solving of full gas dynamic equations. Heating/cooling of the air due to absorption/emission of infrared radiation, as well as due to phase transitions of water vapor to microdrops of water and ice particles and sedimentation of these drops and ice particles in the field of gravity are taken into account. Initial and boundary conditions correspond to the observation data about structure of dominating airflows around the Arctic front over Norwegian sea during January. The modelling results showed that if at the initial moment there is a curved site of the Arctic front with the length of 500-600 km, which deviate to the north or to the south from remaining part of front, then large-scale cyclonic vortex is generated for 15-20 hours. On the base of modelling results the method of the short-term prognosis of formation and travel of polar cyclones is suggested. This work was partly supported by the RFBR grant № 10-01-00451.
Keywords: atmosphere circulation, polar cyclones, numerical modelling
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