Disturbances of the position of measuring base of the aerostat gradiometer during a drift of the stratospheric balloon

It is suggested soundings, to carry out in a complex: and by satellites, and close by the Earth - aboard balloons (under
satellite orbits). Surveys of gradients of geophysical fields at under satellite orbits are most effective. It is possible
in this case to separate fields by means of remoteness of their sources from a point of observation and to execute
their reliable geophysical interpretation. For this purpose at IZMIRAN and MAI it is developed a stratospheric balloon
gradiometer, which has two-level measuring base in the general length of 6 km, oriented along a vertical line
by means of gravity. The gradiometer has three instrument containers, two of which are lowered downwards from a
basket of a stratospheric balloon one behind another through 3 km. Such gradiometer at altitudes of 20-40 km can be
used in various fields of knowledge: in sciences about the Earth, for example, in studying physical fields of the
Earth, researches in the physics and chemistry of high layers of an atmosphere, in the solution of modern problems
of remote sounding the Earth, including for s tudying a d eep s tructure o f t he E arth's c rust. B y means o f G PSreceivers
deviations of position of measuring base of gradiometer concerning a vertical line in process of drift of a
balloon are studied. In two flights of stratospheric balloons during their drift deviations of position of the lower container
concerning the vertical line which are passing through the upper container are received, and a stability of the
operating length of measuring base of gradiometer (a projection of measuring base to a vertical line) is estimated. At
the length of measuring base equal 6 km of deviations of the lower container from the vertical line which are passing
through the upper container, do not exceed 500 m. However, during the separate moments these deviations can
reach, as has been received in experiments, ~1500 m. A time of existence of a deviation is about 20 minutes then the
system again gets concerning imperturbable condition. Graphs of examined deviations are shown. The received sizes
of deviations are used as the amendments at data processing. As a result theoretically and practically the opportunity
of the use of a stratospheric balloon gradiometer with the two-level measuring base in the general length of 6
km for carrying-out of various geophysical scientific researches is shown.