Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2010, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 112-125
The mechanism of formation of cyclonic vortices
in the intratropical zone of convergence
and their early detection
I.V. Mingalev
1, N.M. Astafieva
2, K.G. Orlov
1, V.S. Mingalev
1, O.V. Mingalev
11 Polar Geophysical Institute of RAS, (PGI RAS), 184209 Murmansk region, Apatity, Academgorodok 26a
2 Space Research Institute of RAS, (IKI RAS), 117997 Moskow, Profsojuznaja 84/32
On the basis of the 3-dimensional model of atmosphere circulation created by authors mechanisms of formation of cyclonic vortices in tropical atmosphere of the Earth in the field of an intratropical zone of convergence (IZC) are investigated. The model is based on numerical solving of full gas dynamic equations and produces three-imensional distributions of the wind components, temperature, air density, water vapor density, concentration of microdrops of water, and concentration of ice particles in the height range from 0 to 15 km over a limited region of the Earth's surface. The dimensions of this region in longitudinal and latitudinal directions are 32° and 25°, respectively. This model takes into account heating/cooling of the air due to absorption/emission of infrared radiation, as well as due to phase transitions of water vapor to microdrops of water and ice particles, which play an important role. The finite-difference method and explicit scheme are applied for solving the system of governing equations. The calculated parameters are determined on a uniform grid. The latitude step and longitude step are equal to 0.04° and height step is equal to 200 m. Observations of the dominating air streams formed in an IZC over northern Atlantic during the periods of its greatest thermodynamic intensity and instability are used in initial and boundary conditions of model. Comparison of numerical results with data of microwave satellite monitoring - global radio thermal fields of the Earth from electronic collection GLOBAL-Field () is presented. It is shown, that cyclonic vortices arise at enough strong bends of IZC and only at the account vertical and meridional transport of air in the initial and boundary conditions. Work is executed at support of the Program №16 Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Keywords: atmosphere circulation, cyclonic vortices, numerical modeling, microwave satellite monitoring, global radio thermal fields
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