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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2026, V. 23, No. 4, pp. 206-214

Assessment of the effect of irrigation on maize productivity using remote sensing methods

R.V. Kalinichenko 1 , A.Yu. Romanovskaya 1 , A.E. Bedenko 2 
1 V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, Moscow, Russia
2 All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Supply Systems "Raduga", Kolomna, Moscow Region, Russia
Accepted: 13.05.2026
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2026-23-4-206-214
The lack of moisture in the critical phases of maize development in southern Russia makes growing this strategic crop a risky venture. A study conducted at an agricultural enterprise in Krasnodar Krai showed exactly how artificial irrigation transformed the biological productivity of crops in the dry summer of 2025. We combined ground-based field surveys with streaming data from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery to verify irrigation efficiency on an area of 1,270 hectares. Statistical data processing confirmed high significance of differences between the groups for all indicators (p < 0.001). The results confirmed that natural precipitation (335.6 mm) was not enough to realize the genetic potential of the crop. In bogar areas, total evaporation (evapotranspiration) did not exceed 290 mm, which provoked deep hydrothermal stress. As a result, the yield there ranged from 0.7 to 23.7 c/ha. At the same time, zonal statistics revealed that the survival rate of bogar crops was focal, which was confirmed by the high standard deviation of the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) against the background of low averages. Irrigation radically changed the energy balance of the agrophytocenosis. Additional water allowed raising the level of evapotranspiration to 363–432 mm, ensuring stable photosynthesis. NDVI of irrigation fields reached 0.76–0.80. This resulted in a total yield of 75.3–78.7 c/ha. The integration of remote sensing data and field observations proves that in the current climatic realities of the region, highly productive maize development is impossible without melioration, and high correlation (coefficient r ≥ 0.94) confirms the accuracy of satellite indicators for crop forecasting.
Keywords: maize, irrigation, evapotranspiration, MODIS, Sentinel-2, water stress, yield
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