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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2026, V. 23, No. 4, pp. 390-405

Dynamics of methane emissions from wetlands of Western Siberian Plain based on TROPOMI data for 2019–2025

O.S. Sizov 1 
1 Oil and Gas Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 18.05.2026
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2026-23-4-390-405
The study addresses the spatiotemporal differentiation of methane emissions from wetlands of the Western Siberian Plain (WSP) for the 2019–2025 period. Input data include TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) measurements (Sentinel-5P satellite), the CGLS-LC100 (Copernicus Global Land Service Land Cover 100m) wetland mask, ERA5-Land (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis) air temperature and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). Data processing was performed on the Google Earth Engine platform. For each of the eight natural zones, the excess methane concentration over wetlands relative to non-wetland areas (ΔCH4) is calculated from 42 monthly composites of the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CH4 (XCH4) covering the warm season. The mean ΔCH4 across the WSP is 7.9 ppb. The maximum enhancement is associated not with the zones of the highest wetland coverage, but with the southern (12.4 ppb) and middle (10.9 ppb) taiga, where wetland extent combines with sufficient summer temperatures. A temperature lag of 1–2 months between the maximum surface air temperature and the ΔCH4 maximum is identified, along with a latitudinal gradient of the seasonal phase — from August in the southern taiga to October in the northern taiga with a pronounced autumn emission pulse. In the permafrost zone (north of ~62° N), ΔCH4 drops to noise-level values, reflecting suppression of methanogenesis under cryogenic conditions. Total CH4 emission, given a wetland area of 673,000 km2, is estimated at 8.83 Tg/year (confidence range 5.3–12.3 Tg/year), of which about 69 % is attributed to the taiga zones, and 36 % to the middle taiga alone. Results are validated against ground-based observations at Mukhrino, Bakchar and Zotino stations within the constraints of a limited set of synchronous measurements. The results may serve as a basis for refining regional methane budget estimates and for developing zonally differentiated greenhouse gas emission forecasts under climate change conditions.
Keywords: TROPOMI, Google Earth Engine, Sentinel-5P, greenhouse gases, CH4, emissions, wetlands, Western Siberia
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