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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2025, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 134-144

Regular spatial changes in the vegetation index of deciduous forests in the Volga basin

P.A. Shary 1, 2 , L.S. Sharaya 2 
1 Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
2 All-Russian Research Institute of Agrochemistry named after D.N. Pryanishnikova, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 10.02.2025
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2025-22-2-134-144
In the Volga basin, the relationships between NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) of deciduous forests and climate and topography have been studied. The nature of the statistical relationships of NDVI of deciduous forests distributed across the basin changes at a January temperature of –14.5 °C: in the western part, an increase in January temperature leads to a decrease in NDVI, in the eastern part — to an increase. Therefore, the sample of 400 sites with an area of 1 km2 is divided into two parts — western and eastern. Half of the deciduous forest sites in the western part are located in the broad-leaved forest zone, 67 % of the sites in the eastern part are in the harsher continental climatic conditions of middle and southern taiga forests. Deciduous forests differ significantly in their average NDVI values: in the western part, the average index value is 0.818, in the eastern part — 0.854, such values significantly exceed the NDVI of dark coniferous and light coniferous forests. NDVI of forests in the colder eastern part differs from the western one by closer and only positive relationships with average monthly temperatures, closer negative relationships with monthly precipitation. The western and eastern parts differ significantly in the values of average annual night and day temperatures, potential evapotranspiration, water deficit and altitude. Analysis of photosynthetic activity using multiple regression showed that about 50 % of the NDVI variance in the west and east is explained by cold period temperatures; for western forests, a decrease in precipitation during the growing season is important; for eastern forests, a decrease in February precipitation before the beginning of the growing season is important, despite the fact that this precipitation is the lowest in the year. NDVI of western forests depends on the largest diurnal temperature range in June, while NDVI of eastern forests depends more on the position in the relief. Thus, in the west, NDVI decreases with distance from water divided (with the increase in the catchment area), in the east — with the decrease in altitude on and off the hills, which is also associated with an increase in catchment area. In general, eastern deciduous forests are more influenced by climate and topography and their positive relationships with temperatures suggest positive changes in their photosynthetic activity with global warming, unlike the forests of the western part of the basin.
Keywords: Volga basin, deciduous forests, NDVI, climate, topography, multiple regression
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