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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2025, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 178-191

Modeling of Doppler spectrum of signal reflected by sea ice cover in bistatic measurement scheme in L- and Ku-bands

Yu.A. Titchenko 1 , D.A. Kovaldov 1 , V.Yu. Karaev 1 , V.P. Lopatin 2 , V.F. Fateev 2 
1 Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
2 Russian Metrological Institute of Technical Physics and Radioengineering, Solnechnogorsk, Moscow Region, Russia
Accepted: 21.11.2024
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2025-22-1-178-191
In connection with the widespread use of remote sensing methods for monitoring the area occupied by ice cover in the World Ocean and the active development of two-position (bistatic) radar techniques using global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) signals, modeling the reflected GNSS signal received on various carriers becomes an urgent task. In this paper, an approach to constructing semi-empirical models of Doppler spectrum of a microwave signal bistatically reflected by ice cover is developed. For comparison, bistatic remote sensing in L- and Ku-bands is considered. It is shown that to determine the type of the underlying surface (ice or sea surface), it is possible to analyze the kurtosis coefficient and the width of the Doppler spectrum of the bistatically reflected signal. In some cases, the width of Doppler spectrum of the reflected signal may coincide for the ice cover and open water with a weak surface wind in L-band. At the same time, the kurtosis coefficient of Doppler spectrum differs significantly, which makes it possible to distinguish ice cover even in case of weak waves.
Keywords: quasi-specular scattering, bistatic radar, Doppler spectrum, sea waves, ice cover, semi-empirical model, GNSS, L-band, Ku-band
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