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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2024, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 173-187

Analysis of the Dual-pol Radar Vegetation Index potential for reforestation assessment

A.V. Dmitriev 1 , I.I. Kirbizhekova 1 , T.N. Chimitdorzhiev 1 
1 Institute of Physical Materials Science SB RAS, Ulan-Ude, Russia
Accepted: 09.09.2024
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2024-21-5-173-187
The article presents the results of the analysis of irregular time series of the Dual polarimetric Radar Vegetation Index (DpRVI) for a post-fire reforestation site in mountainous terrain. For comparison, as benchmarks of the initial state and complete forest recovery, a site without vegetation (field) and control sites of coniferous and mixed forests were used. The DpRVI values were calculated based on dual-polarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from ALOS-1 PALSAR-1 (Advanced Land Observing Satellite, Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar) (2007–2011) and ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 (2015–2019); they serve as an indicator of volumetric scattering of the radar signal by the soil-vegetation cover. It has been established that seasonal variations of DpRVI account for 60–70 % of the total root-mean-square deviations. Empirical average seasonal and monthly DpRVI values for the studied sites over the entire observation period have been determined, as well as seasonal deviations S from these average values for the last 5 years. The S values for the post-fire reforestation site are 1.5–2 times smaller than those for the control forest sites and are the same amount larger than for the site without vegetation. The absence of significant trends in the difference DpRVI – S for control forest sites over the entire observation period, as well as on sites without vegetation after 2015, has been shown, indicating the stability of volumetric scattering, in particular, of forest biomass. A significant linear growth trend of the difference DpRVI – S has been identified at the sapling site, with a correlation coefficient of 0.50, indicating a successful post-fire reforestation process. It has been shown that based on the ratio of DpRVI indices of young growth and control forest, an estimate of relative biomass can be obtained with corrections for the influence of mountainous terrain relief, the “saturation” effect, and the seasonal unevenness of ALOS-1/2 PALSAR-1/2 radar polarimetric measurements. The proposed correction methods can reduce the relative errors of satellite determinations of forest sapling biomass to values corresponding to ground measurements of height and biomass of forest saplings and control forest. Overall, the results of the comparative analysis showed that the post-fire growth of DpRVI and, accordingly, the biomass of forest young growth occurs at a rate of 0.57 % per year (assuming 100 % DpRVI of coniferous forest), and the forecasted time for complete forest recovery is around 60–90 years. The study results demonstrated high sensitivity and promising application of L-band radar data with dual polarization in assessing and long-term monitoring of post-fire forest vegetation recovery processes even in mountainous terrain and under conditions of irregular sparse data.
Keywords: remote sensing, forest undergrowth, ALOS-1/2 PALSAR-1/2, DpRVI, seasonal changes, trend
Full text

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