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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2024, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 284-297

Regional features of snow cover disappearance in Siberia under fast Arctic warming

E.V. Varlamova 1 , V.S. Solovyev 1 
1 Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy SB RAS, Yakutsk, Russia
Accepted: 05.08.2024
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2024-21-4-284-297
Snow cover is one of the most sensitive indicators of climate change. Under warming conditions in the Arctic, the duration of snow cover is decreasing, mainly due to its earlier melting. The timing of snow cover melting, in turn, has a significant impact on vegetation ecosystems. The spatial and temporal distributions and variations of snow cover and surface air temperature characteristics in Siberia were drawn on data from the ERA5-Land reanalysis, the network of meteorological stations of Roshydromet (1982–2022) and the MODIS radiometer (2000–2022). It is shown that under conditions of rapid warming in the Arctic, there is a tendency of earlier snowmelt. In the Polar region, the snow cover has begun to melt earlier by 14±4 days, with a trend of –0.34±0.1 days/year; similar indicators in the rest of Siberia (south of the Polar Circle) are 9±3 days and –0.22±0.08 days/year, respectively. During the period 1982–2022, mean April-June surface air temperature increased 4.6±1 °C (trend 0.11±0.03 °C/year) in the Polar region and 2.8±0.8 °C (trend 0.07±0.02 °C/year) south of the Polar Circle. The region with the highest values of early snowmelt and air temperature rise trends (–0.37±0.1 days/year and 0.12±0.03 °C/year) was found in the north of the Siberian snowmelt trend map; these values are remarkably higher than in the rest of Siberia. The observed changes in snow cover characteristics are due to the noticeable influence of the Arctic amplification and climate-geographic features of Siberia.
Keywords: snow cover, snow disappearance, Arctic amplification, Siberia, ERA5-Land, MODIS
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