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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2024, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 207-220

Investigation of the anisotropy of Doppler velocity azimuthal dependence of X-band radio wave scatterers

A.V. Ermoshkin 1 , N.A. Bogatov 1 , I.A. Kapustin 1 , A.A. Molkov 1 
1 Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Accepted: 12.04.2024
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2024-21-3-207-220
One of the challenges of coherent radar sensing of the sea surface is explored, the potential of which for addressing oceanological problems is undeniable. To date, a connection has been established between the Doppler velocity of radio wave scatterers and the speed of the tailwind, near-surface currents, and wave characteristics. Experimental evidence demonstrates asymmetry of the azimuthal dependence of the Doppler velocity, which requires explanation. This article examines this issue based on experimental data across a wide range of hydro-meteorological conditions. Sensing was conducted in the X-band using horizontal polarization of radiation and receiving at sensing angles near sliding, utilizing a digital coherent circular radar station. Due to the high spatial and temporal resolution of radar equipment, it has been shown that when measuring the Doppler velocity, the average values are close to the average velocities of the radio wave scatterers on an agitated sea surface. A simple statistical model has been proposed for the average Doppler velocity value in the considered section of sea surface, depending on the azimuth angle of measurement, taking into account asymmetry. The features of the asymmetry in the azimuthal dependence of Doppler velocity for X-band radio waves and some mechanisms for its formation have been considered.
Keywords: coherent radar sensing, Bragg waves, Doppler velocity, currents, wind waves
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