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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2024, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 269-291

Meridional variability of climatic system parameters in the Atlantic Ocean

V.N. Malinin 1 , P.A. Vainovskу 2 
1 Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
2 OOO Prognoz, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Accepted: 17.04.2024
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2024-21-3-269-291
The article examines interannual variability and features of the relationship between various parameters of the climate system of the Atlantic Ocean (AO) from 40° S up to 60° N. For this purpose, calculations were made of the components of heat and moisture exchange and radiation indices Ga and Gs, characterizing the greenhouse effect, between the ocean and the atmosphere over a 40-year period (1979–2018) for 10° latitude zones of the AO according to the NCEP/DOE (National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Department of Energy) reanalysis archive AMIP-II (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project). It is shown that, under conditions of general warming of the waters of the AO, in most of its latitudinal zones, positive estimates of parameter trends are noted, excluding the influx of short-wave radiation, which means their increase over time. Record growth rates are observed in the amount of precipitation, which in most latitudinal zones is almost an order of magnitude higher than the trends in sea surface temperature (SST) and radiation indices. Evaporation is also growing rapidly, with trends that are 2–6 times higher than trends in SST and radiation indices. A significantly higher interannual variability of moisture exchange components was revealed. For most latitudinal zones, estimates of the coefficient of variation of the moisture exchange components are approximately an order of magnitude higher than their values for the components of the radiation balance and SST, with higher coefficients of variation corresponding mainly to zones with higher trend values. It is shown that interannual variability of heat and moisture exchange characteristics depends mainly on internal processes in the climate system of the AO. It has been established that moisture content of the atmosphere is an important climate-forming factor, which, through the greenhouse effect, on the one hand, affects air temperature and SST, and on the other, precipitation. At the same time, the formation of precipitation, especially in the ITCZ (Intertropical Convergence Zone), is accompanied by the release of a huge amount of heat, which is spent on maintaining of the general circulation and warming of the atmosphere.
Keywords: Atlantic Ocean, meridional variability of climate characteristics, greenhouse effect, trends
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