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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2024, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 9-22

Analysing the efficiency of the global weather model HRES (GACOS) for correction of atmospheric noise in interferometric estimates of displacement fields on the example of volcanoes in Kamchatka

M.S. Volkova 1 , V.O. Mikhailov 1 , R.S. Osmanov 1 
1 Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 27.02.2024
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2024-21-2-9-22
We investigate the actual problem of elimination of atmospheric phase delays in the calculation of displacement fields by differential interferometry (Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar — DInSAR) using satellite radar images of Kamchatka peninsula. The atmospheric correction model GACOS (Generic Atmospheric Correction Online Service), based on the HRES (High Resolution) weather model, was tested to correct displacement fields obtained from Sentinel 1A satellite images of the volcanic regions of northern, central and southern Kamchatka (Tolbachik, Mutnovsky-Gorely volcanoes, Karymsky volcanic center, Avachinsky-Koryak group of volcanoes). According to statistical estimates of the effectiveness of the introduced atmospheric corrections, a positive result was observed for 63.3 % of interferograms. The tropospheric component is not completely removed, but to a significant extent, while the turbulent component remains unchanged in the corrected results along with the deformation component. In some cases, subtracting the atmospheric correction added additional noise to the displacement field. We used statistical criteria to assess the effectiveness of the applied corrections. For the corrected displacement field results, the maximum standard error reduced from 0.022 to 0.011 m. In general, taking into account the extreme conditions of the Kamchatka region for satellite radar interferometry (weather, topography, low coherence of natural landscapes, low signal-to-noise ratio in interferograms), with a positive statistical effect from the introduced correction, the weather model HRES (GACOS) is recommended to be applied when using differential interferometry methods for this territory.
Keywords: satellite interferometry, SAR, Sentinel 1A, weather model, HRES, GACOS, atmospheric noise, phase delay, volcanoes, Kamchatka
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