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Evaluation of the dynamics of overgrowth of higher aquatic plants in the water area of an eutrophic reservoir using satellite images

T.I. Kutyavina¹ , V.V. Rutman¹ , T.Ya. Ashikhmina^{1, 2}

¹ Vyatka State University, Kirov, Russia
² Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre UrB RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia

Accepted: 15.01.2024
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2024-21-1-299-307

Communities of aquatic plants create organic matter, which serves as the basis for animal nutrition in water bodies and is an ecological niche for the development and reproduction of aquatic organisms. At the same time, higher aquatic plants are informative indicators of the state of the aquatic environment, the species composition and degree of development of which can be used to assess the degree of impact of natural and anthropogenic factors. The purpose of the work is to identify the dominant species of higher aquatic plants and their distribution in the water area of an eutrophic reservoir over a 7-year period, as well as to estimate the area of overgrowth of the reservoir using Earth remote sensing data. The species composition of aquatic plants was determined during summer route observations at the Belokholunitsky reservoir of Kirov Region in 2016–2022. The boundaries of the reservoir and thickets of higher aquatic plants in the water area were identified from multi-temporal Sentinel-2 satellite images based on vegetation indices, namely Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Water Adjusted Vegetation Index (WAVI). The areas overgrown with aquatic plants were calculated using the QGIS Desktop 3.26.3 software product. In the thickets, 8 dominant species of aquatic plants were identified. The maximum areas of overgrowth were noted in the upper reaches and along the right bank in the central section of the reservoir. The nature of the reservoir overgrowth is fragmentary. The area overgrown with aquatic vegetation in the reservoir in different years varied in the range from 12 to 24 %, which is associated with fluctuations in the water level in the reservoir. The results of studying the higher aquatic vegetation of the Belokholunitsky reservoir can be used as a basis for conducting hydrobiological studies and analyzing the fishery value of the reservoir.

Keywords: reservoir, higher aquatic plants, Sentinel-2, vegetation indices

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