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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2023, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 308-324

A method for assessing the characteristics of small-scale ionospheric inhomogeneities based on GPS monitoring results

V.P. Pashintsev 1 , D.V. Mishin 2 , M.V. Peskov 1 , S.A. Koval 3 
1 North-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russia
2 Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Samara, Russia
3 Military Telecommunications Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Accepted: 22.07.2023
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2023-20-4-308-324
A method has been developed for processing measurement results of the total electronic content of the ionosphere using signals from global navigation satellite systems GPS/GLONASS. It allows to estimate the root mean square of small-scale fluctuations of the total electronic content and the average (characteristic) size of small-scale ionospheric inhomogeneities. The proposed method is based on a modification of the GPStation 6 dual-frequency receiver, which allows to significantly increase the sampling rate of measurements of the total electronic content and reduce the level of instrumental noise, and on the use of a discrete digital Butterworth filter to isolate small-scale fluctuations of the total electronic content. As a result of the analysis of the process of measuring the total electronic content of inhomogeneous ionosphere using GPS/GLONASS signals and a modified dual-frequency receiver GPStation 6, the cutoff frequencies of the bandpass filter used are justified: 1 and 10 Hz. Considering that such a filter should simultaneously have the smoothest possible amplitude-frequency response at transmission frequencies and should not introduce a large group delay into the measurement results, the use of a Butterworth filter of the 6th order is justified. It is shown that the analysis of the autocorrelation function of small-scale fluctuations of total electron content makes it possible to estimate the average size of the small-scale ionospheric inhomogeneities causing such fluctuations at the heights of maximum ionospheric ionization.
Keywords: total electronic content, small-scale fluctuations, root mean square deviation, average size, digital filter, autocorrelation function
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