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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2023, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 96-103

Hydrological analysis of a digital elevation model as a tool of karst hazard assessment

E.V. Drobinina 1 
1 Perm State University, Perm, Russia
Accepted: 14.04.2023
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2023-20-3-96-103
The article is devoted to the applicability of hydrological analysis of a digital elevation model (DEM) in karst hazard assessment. DEM hydrological correction with the aim of karst forms interpretation and analysis of neotectonic activity of the territory was carried out in the karst territory within Dobryanskiy district of Perm Krai where carbonate-sulfate karst is developed and surface karst forms are widespread. Using three DEMs: data of Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS-DEM), data of Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and LiDAR-based digital terrain model, an instrumental extraction of drainless depressions was made. The spatial correlation of their location with sinkholes identified during the route survey was then analyzed. Given the geobotanical conditions of the study area, it was noted that the assessment of surface karst by the method of hydrological correction of the DEM at a detailed level is recommended to be carried out with the use of a highly accurate DEM — LiDAR-based digital terrain model, which excludes the influence of vegetation on the analysis result. As a result of the neotectonic activity analysis using DEM, positive (uplifts) and negative (depressions) neotectonic structures were identified. It was marked that karst sinkholes in the study territory prevail in the uplift areas, which confirms the research of karstologists: in karst areas karst forms associate with vaults or apical zones of ancient structures, zones and areas of increased, localized fracturing and water availability of rocks of neotectonic uplifts. According to the results of the analysis, presented graphically, it is possible to identify the ranges of absolute elevation increments of the base surfaces that are potentially karst dangerous and, thus, to zone areas of neotectonic uplifts according to karst danger.
Keywords: digital elevation model, surface karst, karst massif, karst hazard, hydrological correction, morphometric analysis
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