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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2023, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 176-188

The influence of aerospace imagery spatial resolution on mapping results of tundra vegetation

V.V. Elsakov 1 
1 Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre UrB RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia
Accepted: 24.01.2023
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2023-20-1-176-188
In this work, multi-scale thematic maps of vegetation cover of the eastern Bolshezemelskaya tundra model area were analysed. The primary mapping data was obtained by processing satellite (Quickbird (Qb), Landsat TM5 (L5)) and aerial (DJI Phantom 2 (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV)) images. Same imaging dates, survey conditions, and the spectral channel ranges of satellite radiometers determined the identity of the vegetation cover characteristics on the satellite images. Homogeneous areas were used for spectral signatures calculation of classes (Qb and L5 classifications) and were obtained based on UAV imagery. A comparison of aerial and satellite images of the model area showed that the bulk of the Qb image contained pixels with a composition of the dominant class below 50 %. Only 14.6 % of the pixels had a proportion of the dominant class greater than 80 %. A significant number (53.8 %) of such homogeneous image elements included water surface classes (39.2 %) and willow vegetation (24.6 %). The number of homogeneous pixels of L5 (composition of more than 50 % belongs to the same Qb class) did not exceed 14.1 %. The spectral brightness ratios for homogeneous pixels had high convergence between Qb and L5. Mixed pixels were able to form spectral signatures with new values and sometimes with classes often missing inside. Overlapping the land cover and water surface class spectral features in mixed pixels formed spectres of eroded peatlands and bare soil. With reducing the resolution, an increase in the presence of an exposed peat class was noticed (1.6–2.2 fold for transition UAV to Qb, 3.1–4.4 fold for Qb to L5, when the highest result was detected during UAV-L5 transition (6.9 fold)). Methods of spectres selection of etalon classes affected the convergence of classification results of spatially different images as well. A weak degree of conjunction was observed between UAV and Qb (30.3 % (total) and 20.7 % (κ)) and Qb and L5 classifications (44.5 and 30.3 %, respectively). This index was negligible for UAV and L5 vegetation maps (28.5 and 15.5 %). The main factors influencing the level of convergence and the ratio of class areas on different-scale images were the radiometric features of the class standards and the spatial homogeneity of the mapped landscapes.
Keywords: classification of satellite images, tundra vegetation communities, spectral properties of vegetation, various-scale mapping
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