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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2022, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 234-247

Remote monitoring of the offshore site of the Rosyanka carbon polygon (the Baltic Sea): First results

T.V. Bukanova 1, 2 , E.S. Bubnova 1, 2 , S.V. Aleksandrov 1 
1 Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS, Moscow, Russia
2 Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
Accepted: 02.12.2022
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2022-19-6-234-247
The offshore site of the Rosyanka carbon polygon (CP) in the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea was deployed in 2021 as part of a pilot project of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for the construction and development of a network of carbon polygons. The marine site is located in the Russian sector of economy zone, where the depth varies from 64 to 87 m, and is influenced by the outflow of the Vistula River, the largest in the region, as well as in close proximity to the runoff from the Kaliningrad Lagoon and the Pregolya River. The article presents the results of satellite monitoring of the main marine characteristics (chlorophyll a concentration, suspended matter concentration and the sea surface temperature) at the CP offshore marine site in the Baltic Sea in the period from April 2021 to September 2022. To study the variability of the sea surface temperature we analyzed the data obtained from satellite scanners MODIS/Aqua, Terra (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and VIIRS/SNPP (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite/Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership); to estimate the concentration of chlorophyll a and suspended matter we used the data from the multispectral radiometer OLCI/Sentinel 3A/B (Ocean and Land Colour Instrument) (algorithm using a neural network). In addition, high-resolution optical satellite data of MSI/Sentinel 2 (Multispectral Instrument) sensor were used, as well as in situ data: CTD (Conductivity, Temperature and Depth) profiles, the concentration of total suspended matter, determined by the weight method, and the concentration of chlorophyll a obtained by the spectrophotometric method. The annual cycle and the seasonal dynamics features of the sea surface temperature, the concentration of chlorophyll a and suspended matter at the offshore site of the CP are shown. The temperature regime of the sea surface in the study area is subjected to seasonal change and significant interannual variations. The distribution of chlorophyll a concentration has a noticeable seasonal character and reflects the periods of active phytoplankton vegetation, which are typical for the central part of the Baltic Sea, the total suspended matter concentration is maximum during the spring flood. Comparison of satellite data and in situ measurements showed a complete agreement between ship data and satellite observations for sea surface temperature, a close relationship for the total suspended matter concentration, and notably weaker relationship for the chlorophyll a concentration. Based on satellite data, the influence of runoff from the Kaliningrad Lagoon and the Vistula River on the marine site of the CP was identified and described. It was shown that the marine site is located in the area of the intense hydrodynamics and eddy formation, characterized by maximum concentrations of chlorophyll a and suspended matter are shown.
Keywords: carbon polygon, sea surface temperature, chlorophyll a concentration, suspended matter concentration, in situ measurements, satellite data, Baltic Sea
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