Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2022, Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 101-109
Phytosanitary design of agroecosystems and remote sensing
A.K. Lysov
1 , V.A. Pavlyushin
1 1 All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Saint Petersburg, Pushkin, Russia
Accepted: 03.10.2022
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2022-19-5-101-109
Phytosanitary stabilization of agroecosystems ensuring ecological safety for the environment, wildlife and humans is based on modern technologies for the rational and safe use of plant protection products, differentiation of their use, taking into account the spatial heterogeneity of the distribution of harmful objects in the field. The article discusses the modern paradigm of plant protection, based on the reduction of stress transformations of agroecosystems, optimization of crop cultivation technologies, reduction of selective effect of pesticides on pest populations using modern methods of remote phytosanitary monitoring, robotization and automation of technological processes for plant protection in precision farming systems. An analysis of the prospects for the use of modern methods of phytosanitary monitoring based on the use of satellite and unmanned aircraft remote sensing data is carried out. The results of research on remote methods of information acquisition based on reference spectrum libraries of reflection of healthy and sick plants, as well as plants damaged by pests, are presented. Analysis of multispectral images of healthy and diseased plants shows that there are reliable differences between them in the near-infrared subrange of radiation. These differences may be used for identifying sick plants at the initial stages of disease development. The results obtained will make it possible, in the near future, to create a basis for automatic processing and analysis of the remote sensing data of the underlying surface of agricultural lands for the presence of harmful objects and to determine phytosanitary risks, taking into account the quality of the crop and environmental safety.
Keywords: remote sensing, spectral characteristics of plants, weeds, variable rate application, means of protection, environmental safety
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