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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2022, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 318-327

Atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies preceding a strong equatorial earthquake in Sumatra

S.A. Imashev 1 , L.G. Sverdlik 1, 2 
1 Research Station RAS in Bishkek City, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
2 Kyrgyz–Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Accepted: 10.08.2022
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2022-19-4-318-327
Satellite remote sensing plays a crucial role in study of dynamic processes occurring in different layers of the atmosphere/ionosphere and interaction between these layers and lithosphere. We present the results of a comparative analysis of anomalous temperature variations in the lower atmosphere and total electron content (TEC) in the ionosphere, based on MERRA-2 global reanalysis data and GNSS/GPS navigation system and related to the period of strong seismic activity. Identification of preseismic disturbances that were observed during the preparation of a strong low-latitude earthquake (M = 8.6) and its aftershock (M = 8.2) that occurred in Sumatra (Indonesia) on April 11, 2012, was carried out by application of previously developed and tested algorithms. The response of the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) and ionosphere to the upcoming strong earthquake under quiet geomagnetic conditions resulted in anomalous changes in temperature and TEC, respectively. These anomalies were located near the epicenter of the earthquake and reached a maximum on April 6, 2012 (6 days before the main event). In contrast to the mesoscale temperature disturbance in UTLS, the TEC anomaly had a much larger horizontal size, amounting to several thousand kilometers. With all the difference in the spatial scales and dynamics of the temporal evolution of disturbances in ionosphere and atmosphere, the areas of anomalous values of the studied parameters were located near the epicenter and were fairly close in shape during the time of maximum development. Increase in the activity of the process of generation of long-period atmospheric gravity waves was considered as a probable mechanism of interaction between lithosphere, atmosphere, and ionosphere.
Keywords: satellite measurements, temperature, earthquake, upper troposphere, lower stratosphere, ionosphere, integral parameter, anomaly, geomagnetic activity, Dst-index
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