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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2022, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 247-258

Doppler spectra of a microwave signal measured during movement over ice cover and sea waves: Comparison of models and determination of the kind of scattering surface

V.Yu. Karaev 1 , Yu.A. Titchenko 1 , M.A. Panfilvoa 1 , M.S. Ryabkova 1 , E.M. Meshkov 1 
1 Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Accepted: 30.12.2021
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2022-19-3-247-258
Usually, in radar sounding of ice cover, the main informative parameter is the backscattered radar cross section, which does not always allow unambiguously determining the type of scattering surface (ice – water). This paper discusses the possibility of using the Doppler spectrum of the backscattered radar signal to solve this problem. For the first time, a semi-empirical model of the Doppler spectrum of a microwave radar signal reflected by an ice cover was constructed for a radar with a wide antenna beam installed on a moving carrier at small incidence angles of the probing radiation (0–19°). Several configurations of the antenna system were considered and it was shown that for measurements it is necessary to use a wide or knife (in incidence angle) antenna. The calculations confirmed the assumption that, when measured from a moving carrier, the Doppler spectrum is a reliable indicator of the transition from one type of scattering surface to another, and the shift and width of the Doppler spectrum, as well as the skewness and kurtosis coefficients for the shape of the Doppler spectrum, can be used as criteria.
Keywords: Doppler spectrum of the backscattered microwave signal, ice cover, sea waves, antenna beam, width and shift of the Doppler spectrum, skewness and kurtosis coefficients
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