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Seasonal and interannual variability of solar radiation flux at the surface of the Okhotsk Sea and adjacent waters

D.M. Lozhkin¹ , G.V. Shevchenko^{1, 2}

¹ Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Sakhalin Branch, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia
² Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics FEB RAS, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia

Accepted: 11.03.2022
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2022-19-1-253-264

The average monthly values of short-wave solar radiation flux (SWR, 1998–2020) in the Sea of Okhotsk and adjacent water areas are considered according to the ERA5 reanalysis data. In the seasonal variability of this parameter, the annual harmonic is clearly seen with a maximum in June – July and a minimum in December – January. The amplitude of the annual harmonic increases from southeast to northwest, the phase increases in the same direction by about one month. The contribution of other seasonal harmonics is small. In the winter-spring period, the SWR isolines deviate from the zonal ones in areas adjacent to the average position of the ice cover. In winter and spring, positive SWR trends dominate over the study area, originating in February in the southern, central, and eastern parts of the Sea of Okhotsk. In summer, the opposite situation is observed: negative trends prevail; and they are most pronounced in June, gradually decreasing towards autumn. In the autumn period (from October to December) there are practically no trends. In the envelope based on SWR maxima (July), cyclic components with periods of 3, 5, 7, and 11 years are identified. For the first three, no relationships were found with similar components in sea surface temperature variations; in general, the correlation between these parameters is rather low. An exception is the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, which is characterized by the lowest cloudiness. Here, insolation is the cause of earlier heating of the surface water layer (along with the influence of the summer monsoon) and cyclic variations with a period of 11 years.

Keywords: shortwave solar radiation, reanalysis, harmonics, seasonal variations, interannual variability, trend, cyclicity, ice coverage

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