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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2021, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 153-168

Patterns of wind-induced forest damage in the European Russia and Ural: analysis with satellite data

A.N. Shikhov 1 , D.A. Dremin 1 
1 Perm State University, Perm, Russia
Accepted: 09.04.2021
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2021-18-3-153-168
Windthrow is one of the most substantial forest disturbance agents of the boreal forest zone. At the same time, the patterns that determine the features and degree of wind-related damage in Russia’s forests remain poorly studied. In this study, we consider the relationships of wind-related forest damage with stands species composition and age, and also with the geomorphometric variables and clear-cut proximity. The analysis was performed based on publicly available satellite images and digital elevation models, on the example of 10 large-scale windthrows that occurred in the period 1995–2020 in different parts of the European Russia and Ural, and were caused by various weather events (squalls, tornadoes and heavy snowfall). It is found that forest species composition and age are the most important factors that determine their susceptibility to windthrow. Old-growth dark coniferous forests are most susceptible to windthrow; in some cases, old-growth mixed forests or pine forests were strongly damaged. The percentage of wind-damaged area in re-grown small-leaved forests was 10–50 times less than in old-growth forests, except for tornado-induced windthrow. For large-scale windthrow induced by squall events, a statistically significant relationship of the damaged area with geomorphometric variables is confirmed. Thus, windthrow area on the windward slopes is 3–6 times higher than on the leeward ones. A substantial (1.5–3 times) increase of wind-related damage was also revealed for forests located in close proximity with new logged area. The identified relationships may be used as a basis for windthrow exposure and risk assessment and modeling, but they are not universal for all windthrow events.
Keywords: windthrow, forest damage degree, forest species composition and age, site factors, digital elevation models, geomorphometric variables
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