Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2021, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 299-306
Atmospheric vortices in a geomagnetic anomaly
N.I. Izhovkina
1 , S.N. Artekha
2 , N.S. Erokhin
2 , L.A. Mikhailovskaya
2 1 Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation RAS, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
2 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 25.02.2021
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2021-18-2-299-306
It is shown that the excitation of atmospheric vortex structures is influenced by the structure of the geomagnetic field, in particular, geomagnetic anomalies. Vortex structures such as cyclones and anticyclones rotate in opposite directions in the northern and southern hemispheres. Moreover, they do not cross the equator. Pressure gradients from the poles to the equator in the two hemispheres are mutually opposite. Part of the energy of atmospheric vortex structures is generated by plasma vortices. The excitation of plasma vortices is affected by the geomagnetic field. The excitation of tornadoes at low latitudes in the Atlantic is influenced by plasma processes in the South Atlantic geomagnetic anomaly. Calculations are presented for the mechanisms of excitation of plasma vortices, which take into account the precipitation of particles from the ring current of the magnetosphere and the effect of geomagnetic field anomalies. Moving plasma inhomogeneities are considered. Calculations show that the relative velocity of motion of plasma inhomogeneities affects the spectra of electric fields. One of the reasons for the formation of powerful vortices in a system of moving plasma vortices is associated with the manifestation of resonances in the spectra of electric fields of interacting inhomogeneities. The spectra of electrostatic disturbances in the tornado structure have the multimode character. The calculations used the kinetic approximation.
Keywords: atmospheric vortex structures, plasma vortices, geomagnetic anomalies
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