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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2021, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 127-137

Retrospective analysis of vegetation cover loss in Republics of Mari El and Chuvashia after flooding of Cheboksarskaya dam from Landsat/MSS data

E.A. Kurbanov 1 , O.N. Vorob'ev 1 
1 Volga State University of Technology, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
Accepted: 15.12.2020
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2021-18-1-127-137
Cheboksarskaya hydroelectric power plant is an important hydropower project in Volga River basin of Russia. The rise of the Cheboksarskaya dam level in 1981 to a mark of 63 m led to flooding of about 60 thousand hectares of the Republics Mari El and Chuvashia. As a result, the unique areas of forest cover and wetlands in both republics were lost. In the research, a retrospective analysis of the loss of vegetation cover under the flooded area was carried out with the use of multitemporal Landsat/MSS images of 1979 (prior to the dam) and 1981 (after the 63 m height was reached). The study area includes forests located along the right and left banks of the Volga River, taking into account the width of riverbed in 1979. To identify the water surface of the Volga River and the Cheboksarskaya dam, the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was used. The classification of satellite images was carried out by an automatic “Decision tree” method using predictors of NDVI, Red and NIR. Overall accuracy of the 1979 thematic map was 0.87. The results of the thematic classification of the flooded area showed that forest stands were lost to a greater extent by area (coniferous 30.1 % and mixed deciduous 21.2 %). This is followed by shrubs (27.6 %) and grass (agricultural lands) (10.4 %). The “water” class (swamps, lakes) with a total area of 1534 ha (2.6 %) also were lost. The research results should help improve regional assessments (environmental, social and economic) of the consequences of a further possible increase in the power station level to the initially projected mark of 68 m.
Keywords: Cheboksarskaya dam, LUCC, forest ecosystems, Landsat/MSS, NDWI, NDVI
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