Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2021, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 149-164
Dynamics of arid landscapes burning in Russia and adjacent territories based on active fire data
S.S. Shinkarenko
1, 2, 3 , V.V. Doroshenko
3 , A.N. Berdengalieva
3 , I.A. Komarova
3 1 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
2 Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology, Complex Meliorations and Agroforestry RAS, Volgograd, Russia
3 Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia
Accepted: 30.01.2021
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2021-18-1-149-164
The paper presents the results of analysis of arid landscapes burning in the European part of Russia and the adjacent territories of Western Kazakhstan. Based on the years-long archive of detecting active fires (hot spots, thermal spots) for the period of 2001–2019, the paper outlines seasonal and long-term regularities of the dynamics of burning in the context of regions and types of land cover. At the first stage, technogenic sources of hot spots were identified and classified. Then, the archive of hot spots was grouped by regions and types of land cover. The highest density of hot spots is typical of the floodplain landscapes of river valleys and cultivated lands. A steady decrease in fire frequency of all categories of land has been observed since 2010–2011. A particularly strong decrease in the number and density of active fires is characteristic of arable lands. Half of all hot spots in the territory under study are recorded in summer, and the other half is almost equally distributed between spring and autumn. The reduction in fire frequency is mainly due to decrease in the number of summer and autumn fires. This is especially peculiar of arable lands with other types of land cover. The seasonal distribution of hot spots in the territory under study corresponds to latitudinal-zonal features of landscapes, nature management and settlement patterns: northern regions suffer from spring burns in April, as well as agricultural burns in August and September, while on semi-desert and desert pastures, most hot spots are recorded in June and July. The revealed regularities in landscapes burning will make it possible to more effectively organize fire-prevention measures, as well as serve as the basis for selection of satellite data for further visual identification of burned-out areas.
Keywords: landscape fires, MODIS, Northern Caspian, Caspian lowland, Western Kazakhstan, remote sensing, arid landscapes, south of Russia
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