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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2020, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 269-278

Avalanche hazard prediction using microwave radiometry methods

D.A. Boyarskii 1 , V.V. Dmitriev 2 , V.V. Tikhonov 1 
1 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
2 Omsk State Pedagogical University, Omsk, Russia
Accepted: 22.09.2020
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2020-17-5-269-278
The paper presents and analyzes the results of a ground-based experiment to determine the angular dependences of brightness temperature of the snow cover on the Earth surface in the microwave range. The investigations were carried out from January 9 to April 9, 1989, in the range of angles 50–85° with an interval of 5° at a radiometric test site in the area of the Cross Pass of the Georgian Military Highway at an altitude of 2297 m above sea level. The angular spectrum of the brightness temperature at a frequency of 3.75 GHz is compared with meteorological data and changes in snow cover stratigraphy during the season. Direct dependence was established of the shape of the angular spectrum of the brightness temperature at a frequency of 3.75 GHz and vertical polarization of the received signal on the appearance of deep rime in the depth of the snow column. A layer of deep rime can form the so-called weakened horizon, along which avalanches are possible, since the ice lattice of snow becomes more fragile and less plastic, and the probability of ruptured deformations under load increases sharply. When the bonds break and the ice crystals are destroyed, the connection between the snow horizons breaks, which leads to avalanches. In this work, we consider the possibility of creating a method for remote radiometric monitoring of the state of deep layers of snow cover in the microwave range to assess local avalanche hazard.
Keywords: microwave radiometry, snow cover stratigraphy, brightness temperature, avalanche hazard, Brewster angle
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