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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2020, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 179-194

NDVI seasonal dynamics of the North Caspian pasture landscapes from MODIS data

S.S. Shinkarenko 1, 2 , S.А. Bartalev 1 
1 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
2 Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology, Complex Meliorations and Agroforestry RAS , Volgograd, Russia
Accepted: 24.07.2020
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2020-17-4-179-194
The paper presents the results of analysis of the seasonal dynamics of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for pasture landscapes of the Northern Caspian region. A number of studies on the long-term dynamics of the condition of natural landscapes are based on the NDVI values averaged over long time intervals without considering its seasonal changes. At the same time, phenological characteristics of various plant communities, pasture loads and landscape fires determine a significant level of uncertainty in the use of average NDVI values for a vegetation period. Zonal semi-desert and north-desert landscapes are characterized by two peaks of NDVI: spring-summer and autumn with vegetation index of 60–90 % of the spring level. Semi-desert landscapes located in the north of the area under study do not have stable statistically significant connection between the seasonal dynamics of NDVI and hydrothermal conditions. Desert landscapes of the south, on the contrary, demonstrate a high positive connection between NDVI values and precipitation, and a negative one — between NDVI and temperature. The time periods of maximum NDVI values have been determined for various types of landscapes. In most part of the Northern Caspian region, vegetation maximum is observed in mid-late May with the latest NDVI peak being characteristic of aeolian-accumulative north-desert landscapes: 21st – 22nd week of the year. The dates of maximum NDVI values vary significantly from year to year, and it should be noted that in the second decade of the 21st century, their variation increased significantly as compared to the first decade. The date shift of the maximum NDVI values is explained by a complex of factors: climatic and weather fluctuations, regular steppe fires and pasture loads. In all the areas under study, an increase in sheep and goat stock from 15 to 20 % and in the amount of precipitation over the cold half-year by 10–22 mm has been observed. All these factors contribute to a longer spring vegetation and a shift in the maximum vegetation index to a later date. The results of the study should be taken into account when analyzing the long-term dynamics of the NDVI of natural zonal landscapes, as well as for optimizing pasture loads during the growing season.
The study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 19-35-60007.
Keywords: desertification, vegetation cover, desert pastures, seasonal dynamics, MODIS, Northern Pre-Caspian, remote sensing
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