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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2020, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 102-114

The characteristics of Bezymianny volcano explosive eruption events on March 15, 2019, inferred from satellite data

O.A. Girina 1 , D.V. Melnikov 1 , A.G. Manevich 1 , E.A. Loupian 2 , L.S. Kramareva 3 
1 Institute of Volcanology and Seismology FEB RAS, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
2 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
3 Far-Eastern Center of State Research Center for Space Hydrometeorology “Planeta”, Khabarovsk, Russia
Accepted: 19.05.2020
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2020-17-3-102-114
Bezymianny is one of the most active volcanoes in Kamchatka and in the world. In December 2016, activity of the volcano began to intensify after four years of silence during 2012–2016. In 2017, three, and in 2019, two paroxysmal explosive eruptions of the volcano occurred. The work describes the eruption that occurred on March 15, 2019, as well as the events preceding it, based on the study of video and various satellite data. The volcano was monitored using the information system (IS) “Remote monitoring of the activity of Kamchatka and Kurile volcanoes” (VolSatView). The eruption had been predicted by KVERT (Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team) staff 6.5 hours before it began. Explosions raised ash up to 15 km above sea level, the eruptive cloud moved northeast and east of the volcano, the main area of the territory where ashfalls were observed was about 210,410 km2, including 15,000 km2 on land. An animated image of the ash cloud movement from the volcano is shown, made according to a series of images of Himawari-8 in the IS VolSatView (http://kamchatka.volcanoes.smislab.ru/animation/1584509687.gif). After the eruption, aerosol clouds were recorded in the atmosphere at a distance of up to 4000 km in the northeast of the volcano until March 18, 2019. As a result of the eruption, deposits of pyroclastic flows and pyroclastic surges formed on all slopes of the volcano (mainly on the eastern and southeastern), the area of which reached about 30 km2.
Keywords: volcano, Bezymianny, eruption, KVERT, forecast, video data, satellite monitoring, VolSatView Kamchatka
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