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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2020, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 206-214

On the retrieval of surface marine currents field using sequential satellite SAR images of slick structures

O.A. Danilicheva 1 , S.A. Ermakov 1, 2 , I.A. Kapustin 1 
1 Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Россия
2 Volga State University of Water Transport, Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
Accepted: 26.03.2020
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2020-17-2-206-214
The problem of characterization of marine currents using ocean remote sensing data is very difficult and has not been completely solved yet. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) as an all-weather and all-day instrument with high spatial resolution is very promising for analysis of processes in the upper ocean, including current estimation of surface water layer. Areas of sea surface, covered with marine biogenic film slicks are often observed as systems of “filamentary” structures at low/moderate wind conditions. Usually these structures are considered as appropriate features for marine current tracking. However, at the moment very few studies have been carried out to relate the motion of slick structures in SAR images at a comparably short time interval with the surface current velocity field. In this paper two sequential satellite SAR images acquired with Envisat ASAR and ERS-2 SAR have been analyzed to estimate sea surface currents. The acquisition time difference between the images was nearly 30 min. The images were characterized by a number of slick features which were nearly identical within the 30 min time shift. A Maximum Cross-Correlation (MCC) method and a method of distinct slick structure “tracking” determined the spatial displacement of slick structures and were used for the current retrieval. It was obtained that for some slick filamentary structures or for their parts the retrieved current velocities were directed nearly along the filaments, so that the slicks could be considered as the current streamlines. However, for significant amount of slick structures the retrieved current velocity vectors were directed at rather large angles to the filament tangent lines. We assume that current streamlines and slick structure geometry may not be identical due to low accuracy of the estimation of current velocities along the filaments and due to different characteristic times of alteration of the slick structures and the current field according to fast changes of environmental conditions, in particular wind speed/direction.
Keywords: filamentary slick structures, marine currents, sequential satellite SAR images
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