Журнал

About Editorial Board Information for authors and reviewers Publication ethics Contacts User Account: send / review a manuscript
Archive
Volume 21, 2024
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5
Volume 20, 2023
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 19, 2022
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 18, 2021
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 17, 2020
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6 Number 7
Volume 16, 2019
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 15, 2018
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6 Number 7
Volume 14, 2017
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6 Number 7
Volume 13, 2016
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 12, 2015
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 11, 2014
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4
Volume 10, 2013
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4
Volume 9, 2012
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5
Volume 8, 2011
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4
Volume 7, 2010
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4
Issue 6, 2009
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 5, 2008
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 4, 2007
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 3, 2006
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 2, 2005
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 1, 2004
Volume 1
Search
Find:
русский
ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 235-241

On the physical nature of Ka-band microwave backscattering due to wavy water surface

S.A. Ermakov 1, 2 , I.A. Sergievskaya 1 , V.A. Dobrokhotov 1 , I.A. Kapustin 1 , A.V. Kupaev 1 
1 Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
2 Volga State University of Water Transport, Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
Accepted: 27.11.2019
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-6-235-241
The work is devoted to the study of the dynamic characteristics of the gravity-capillary waves of the cm-dm range with finite amplitude and their influence on the nature of Ka-band microwave backscattering at moderate incidence angles under laboratory conditions. Using the original visualization technique, we studied the profiles of steep gravity-capillary waves of cm-dm range that are characterized by some features, including areas with high curvature (bulge) and parasitic capillary ripples on the forward slope of the basic waves. The dependences of the dispersion of parasitic ripple slopes and the curvature of wave crests on wave amplitude and on surface concentration of surfactant film on the water surface are obtained. It was shown that the intensity of radar return from a clean surface is determined by both the Bragg and non-Bragg (unpolarized) components, while parasitic ripples influence mainly the Bragg component and ridges with high curvature determine the non-Bragg component. In the presence of film, the contribution of the non-Bragg component in the radar backscattering increases. As the experiment showed, this is because surfactant film more strongly depresses the parasitic ripples than reduces the curvature of the wave crests.
Keywords: gravity-capillary waves, parasitic capillary ripples, bulge, dispersion of ripple slopes, crest curvature, Bragg/non-Bragg components, surfactant film
Full text

References:

  1. Ermakov S. A., Ruvinskii K. D., Salashin S. G., Freidman G. N., Eksperimental’noe issledovanie generatsii kapillyarno-gravitatsionnoi ryabi sil’nonelineinymi volnami na poverkhnosti glubokoi zhidkosti (Experimental investigations of the generation of capillary-gravity ripples by strongly nonlinear waves on the surface of a deep fluid), Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR. Fizika atmosfery i okeana, 1980, Vol. 22, No. 10, pp. 1072–1080.
  2. Ermakov S. A., Kapustin I. A., Kudryavtsev V. N., Sergievskaya I. A., Shomina O. V., Chapron B., Yurovskii Yu. Yu., O doplerovskikh sdvigakh chastoty radiolokatsionnogo signala pri rasseyanii na morskoi poverkhnosti (On doppler frequency shifts of radar signals backscattered from the sea surface), Izvestiya vuzov. Radiofizika, 2014, Vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 267–280, DOI: 10.1007/s11141-014-9507-8.
  3. Monin A. S., Krasitskii V. P., Yavleniya na poverkhnosti okeana (Phenomena at the Ocean Surface), Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1985, 375 p.
  4. Rytov S. M., Kravtsov Yu. A., Tatarskii V. I., Vvedenie v statisticheskuyu radiofiziku (Introduction to Statistical Radiophysics), Moscow: Nauka, 1978, 463 p.
  5. Bass F. G., Fuks M., Wave Scattering From Statistically Rough Surfaces, UK, Oxford: Pergamon, 1979, 540 p.
  6. Ermakov S. A., Sergievskaya I. A., Kapustin I. A., Shomina O. V., Kupaev A. V., Molkov A. A., da Silva J. C. B., Remote Sensing of Organic Films on the Water Surface Using Dual Co-Polarized Ship-Based X-/C-/S-Band Radar and TerraSAR-X, Remote Sensing, 2018, Vol. 10(7), p. 1097, DOI: 10.3390/rs10071097.
  7. Longuet-Higgins M. S., Capillary rollers and bores, J. Fluid Mechanics, 1992, Vol. 240, pp. 659–579, DOI: 10.1017/S0022112092000259.
  8. Sergievskaya I. A., Ermakov S. A., Ermoshkin A. V., Kapustin I. A., Molkov A. A., Danilicheva O. A., Shomina O. V., Modulation of Dual-Polarized X-Band Radar Backscatter Due to Long Wind Waves, Remote Sensing, 2019, Vol. 11(4), p. 423, DOI: 10.3390/rs11040423.
  9. Yurovsky Yu. Yu., Malinovsky V. V., Radar Backscattering from Breaking Wind Waves: Field Observation and Modelling, Intern. J. Remote Sensing, 2012, No. 33(8), pp. 2462–2481, DOI: 10.1080/01431161.2011.614966.
  10. Yurovsky Yu. Yu., Kudryavtsev V. N., Grodsky S. A., Chapron B., Sea Surface Ka-Band Doppler Measurements: Analysis and Model Development, Remote Sensing, 2019, Vol. 11(7), p. 839, DOI: 10.3390/rs11070839.