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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 254-262

Mesoscale tropospheric structure sensing during weather front passage

O.G. Khutorova 1 , A.S. Blizorukov 1 , V.V. Dementiev 1 , V.E. Khutorov 1 
1 Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
Accepted: 18.10.2019
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-6-254-262
Currently, data from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are used for remote sensing of atmospheric water vapor which allows us to study the structure of both inhomogeneity of the troposphere and its dynamics almost simultaneously with measurements of the received signal. Ground-based observations of signals from global satellite navigation systems in Kazan and its environs are used to identify patterns of the spatial mesoscale structure of troposphere during periods of atmospheric fronts passage. To assess the effect of the passing front on the distribution of water vapor in the atmosphere, several hundred events of atmospheric fronts passing through the observation point were selected, among which cold and warm fronts, occlusion fronts, and stationary ones were presented. The spatial separation of the stations and the high temporal resolution of the time series make it possible to record the movement of disturbances associated with atmospheric front. It was found that the change in air masses and atmospheric fronts affects the field of integral water vapor (IWV). An increase in the intensity of mesoscale inhomogeneity during periods of passage of atmospheric fronts to a height of 2500 m from the surface is shown. During the passage of a warm atmospheric front, the IWV increases simultaneously with a change in pressure. When passing a cold front, on the contrary, the IWV decreases.. The spatial separation of the network of stations makes it possible to trace the variability of the water vapor field at the mesoscale level. Often during the passage of the atmospheric front, IWV and its zonal and meridional gradients experience a sharp jump, after which damped quasiperiodic fluctuations of IWV are observed. The variability of IWV field manifests itself in all seasons of the year, but at positive temperatures it intensifies.
Keywords: GNSS, GLONASS, GPS, ZTD, IWV, water vapor, weather fronts
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