Журнал

About Editorial Board Information for authors and reviewers Publication ethics Contacts User Account: send / review a manuscript
Archive
Volume 21, 2024
Number 1
Volume 20, 2023
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 19, 2022
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 18, 2021
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 17, 2020
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6 Number 7
Volume 16, 2019
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 15, 2018
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6 Number 7
Volume 14, 2017
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6 Number 7
Volume 13, 2016
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 12, 2015
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5 Number 6
Volume 11, 2014
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4
Volume 10, 2013
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4
Volume 9, 2012
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4 Number 5
Volume 8, 2011
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4
Volume 7, 2010
Number 1 Number 2 Number 3 Number 4
Issue 6, 2009
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 5, 2008
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 4, 2007
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 3, 2006
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 2, 2005
Volume 1 Volume 2
Issue 1, 2004
Volume 1
Search
Find:
русский
ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 31-47

Methods and information tools for analyzing remote sensing data to detect changes in vegetation caused by industrial waste and dumps

V.P. Savorskiy 1, 2 , E.A. Loupian 2 , V.I. Gornyy 3 , D.M. Ermakov 1, 2 , O.Yu. Panova 1, 2 , А.М. Konstantinova 2 
1 V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics RAS, Fryazino Branch, Fryazino, Moscow Region, Russia
2 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
3 Scientific Research Center for Ecological Safety RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Accepted: 25.11.2019
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-6-31-47
The impact of hazardous waste on people and the environment from mining is one of the most significant global environmental challenges. This effect is currently compounded due to an increase in the intensity of mining, with the development of less rich deposits and the transition to open pit mining. Open mining brings significant cost reduction compared to shaft mining. But at the same time open pits completely destroy the surrounding areas of the landscape forming an open vast crater and various sources of industrial waste and dumps (SIWD). These sources often include heavy metals, acid precipitates (solutions of sulfur oxides), hydrocarbons and other organic chemicals. The development of methods for monitoring the state of vegetation in the interests of monitoring the impact of SIWD on the environment is the main goal of the work. The paper presents an analytical review of the main mechanisms of the influence of typical SIWD harmful emissions on vegetation and analyzes possible methods and approaches that allow using the capabilities of satellite Earth remote sensing systems to identify changes in vegetation caused by the influence of SIWD.
Keywords: Earth satellite observation, information technology, remote monitoring, forest resources, industrial waste and dumps, hazardous waste
Full text

References:

  1. Alekseev Yu. V., Tyazhelye metally v agrolandshafte (Heavy metals in the agricultural landscape), Saint Petersburg: PIYaF RAN, 2008, 216 p.
  2. Bartalev S. A., Egorov V. A., Zharko V. O., Loupian E. A., Plotnikov D. E., Khvostikov S. A., Shabanov N. V., Sputnikovoe kartografirovanie rastitel’nogo pokrova Rossii (Land cover mapping over Russia using Earth observation data), Moscow: IKI RAN, 2016, 208 p.
  3. Buznikov A. A., Timofeev A. A., Regional’nyi ekologicheskii monitoring: metod i apparatno-programmnyi kompleks dlya distantsionnoi otsenki zagryazneniya indikatornykh vidov rastitel’nosti tyazhelymi metallami (Regional environmental monitoring: a method and hardware and software complex for remote assessment of pollution of indicator vegetation species with heavy metals), Regional’naya ekologiya, 2010, No. 3(29), pp. 7–8.
  4. Gornyy V. I., Kosmicheskie izmeritel’nye metody infrakrasnogo teplovogo diapazona pri monitoringe potentsial’no opasnykh yavlenii i obʺektov (Satellite measuring methods of infra-red heating range in monitoring of potentially dangerous phenomena and objects), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2004, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 10–16.
  5. Gornyy V. I., Kritsuk S. G., Lapytov I. S., Termodinamicheskii podkhod dlya distantsionnogo kartografirovaniya narushennosti ekosistem (Thermodynamic approach for remote mapping of ecosystem disturbance), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2011, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 179–194.
  6. Gornyy V. I., Kritsuk S. G., Latypov I. Sh., Khramtsov V. N., Verifikatsiya krupnomasshtabnykh kart termodinamicheskogo indeksa narushennosti ekosistem (Verification of large scale maps of thermodynamic index of ecosystem disturbance), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2013, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 201–212.
  7. Gornyy V. I., Kritsuk S. G., Latypov I. Sh., Tronin A. A., Kiselev A. V., Brovkina O. V., Filippovich V. E., Stankevich S. A., Lubskii N. S., Teplofizicheskie svoistva poverkhnosti gorodskoi sredy (po rezul’tatam sputnikovykh sʺemok Sankt-Peterburga i Kieva) (Thermophysical properties of land surface in urban area (by satellite remote sensing of Saint Petersburg and Kiev)), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2017, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 51–66.
  8. Gornyy V. I., Kiselev A. V., Kritsuk S. G., Latypov I. Sh., Tronin A. A., Termodinamicheskii podkhod k sputnikovomu kartirovaniyu nakoplennogo ekologicheskogo ushcherba lesnykh ekosistem (Thermodynamic approach to satellite mapping of accumulated ecological losses of forest ecosystems), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 124–136.
  9. Grigorieva O. V., Drozdova I. V., Shilin B. V., Eksperimental’noe obosnovanie vozmozhnostei videospektral’noi distantsionnoi indikatsii kratkovremennogo stressa rastitel’nosti (Experimental substantiation of the capabilities of videospectral remote indication of short-term vegetation stress), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2018, Vol. 15, No. 7, pp. 78–88.
  10. Il’in V. B., Tyazhelye metally i nemetally v sisteme pochva – rastenie (Heavy metals and non-metals in the soil – plant system), Novosibirsk: SO RAN, 2012, 220 p.
  11. Kaznina N. M., Laidinen G. F., Titov A. F., Vliyanie kadmiya na apikal’nye meristemy steblya rastenii yachmenya (The effect of cadmium on the apical meristems of the stem of barley plants), Ontogenez, 2006, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 444–448.
  12. Kaznina N. M., Titov A. F., Topchieva L. V., Laidinen G. F., Batova Yu. V., Vliyanie vozrastnykh razlichii na reaktsiyu rastenii yachmenya na deistvie kadmiya (The effect of age-related differences on the reaction of barley plants on the action of cadmium), Fiziologiya rastenii, 2012, Vol. 59, No. 1, pp. 74–79.
  13. Kalabin G. V., Evdokimova G. A., Gornyy V. I., Otsenka dinamiki rastitel’nogo pokrova narushennykh territorii v protsesse snizheniya vozdeistviya kombinata “Severonikel’” na okruzhayushchuyu sredu (Estimation of dynamics of grows of derelict lands in process of deleterious effect decrease of OJSC “Severonickel Combine” on environment), Gornyi zhurnal, 2010, No. 2, pp. 74–77.
  14. Kalabin G. V., Moiseenko T. I., Gornyy V. I., Kritsuk S. G., Soromotin A. V., Sputnikovyi monitoring reaktsii rastitel’nogo pokrova na vozdeistvie predpriyatiya po osvoeniyu zolotorudnogo mestorozhdeniya “Olimpiada”, otrabatyvaemogo otkrytym sposobom (Satellite monitoring of the reaction of the vegetation cover to the impact of the opencast mining company OLIMPIADA gold mine), Fiziko-tekhnicheskie problemy razrabotki poleznykh iskopaemykh, 2013, No. 1, pp. 177–184.
  15. Kalabin G. V., Gorny V. I., Kritsuk S. G., Satellite monitoring of vegetation mantle response to the Sorsk copper-molybdenum mine impact), J. Mining Science, 2014, No. 1, pp. 155–162.
  16. Kalabin G. V., Gorny V. I., Kritsuk S. G., Environmental appraisal of the area of Kachkanar mining-and-processing plant by satellite monitoring data, J. Mining Science, 2016, Vol. 52, No. 2, pp. 394–400.
  17. Kalabin G. V., Gornyy V. I., Davidan T. A., Kritsuk S. G., Tronin A. A., Reaktsiya tundrovoi ekosistemy na snyatie tekhnogennoi nagruzki so storony rudnika “Val’kumei” (The response of the tundra ecosystem to the removal of anthropogenic load from the Valkumey mine), Fiziko-tekhnicheskie problemy razrabotki poleznykh iskopaemykh, 2018, Vol. 2, pp. 146–153.
  18. Kositsin A. V., Alekseeva-Popova N. V., Deistvie tyazhelykh metallov na rasteniya i mekhanizmy metalloustoichivosti (The effect of heavy metals on plants and mechanisms of metal resistance), Rasteniya v ekstremal’nykh usloviyakh mineral’nogo pitaniya, Leningrad: Nauka, 1983, pp. 5–22.
  19. Kritsuk S. G., Gornyu V. I., Kalabin G. V., Latypov I. Sh., Zakonomernosti sezonnykh tsiklov vegetatsionnogo indeksa ekosistem v raione Sorskogo gorno-metallurgicheskogo kompleksa (Regularities of Vegetation Index Annual Cycles in the Region of Sorsk Mining and Metallurgical Complex), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2013, Vol. 10, No. 13, pp. 228–237.
  20. Kritsuk S. G., Gornyy V. I., Latypov I. Sh., Povyshenie detal’nosti sputnikovogo kartografirovaniya teplofizicheskikh kharakteristik zemnoi poverkhnosti (Spatial resolution improvement of satellite mapping of thermal properties of land surface), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2016, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 277–290.
  21. Kuznetsov Vl. V., Dmitrieva G. A., Fiziologiya rastenii (Plant physiology), Mocsow: Vysshaya shkola, 2006, 742 p.
  22. Loupian E. A., Proshin A. A., Burtsev M. A., Balashov I. V., Bartalev S. A., Efremov V. Yu., Kashnitskii A. V., Mazurov A. A., Matveev A. M., Sudneva O. A., Sychugov I. G., Tolpin V. A., Uvarov I. A., Tsentr kollektivnogo pol’zovaniya sistemami arkhivatsii, obrabotki i analiza sputnikovykh dannykh IKI RAN dlya resheniya zadach izucheniya i monitoringa okruzhayushchei sredy (IKI center for collective use of satellite data archiving, processing and analysis systems aimed at solving the problems of environmental study and monitoring), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2015, Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 263–284.
  23. Loupian E. A., Proshin A. A., Burtsev M. A., Kashnitskii A. V., Balashov I. V., Bartalev S. A., Konstantinova A. M., Kobets D. A., Mazurov A. A., Marchenkov V. V., Matveev A. M., Radchenko M. V., Sychugov I. G., Tolpin V. A., Uvarov I. A., Opyt ekspluatatsii i razvitiya tsentra kollektivnogo pol’zovaniya sistemami arkhivatsii, obrabotki i analiza sputnikovykh dannykh (TsKP “IKI-Monitoring”) (Experience of development and operation of the IKI-Monitoring center for collective use of systems for archiving, processing and analyzing satellite data), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 151–170, DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-3-151-170.
  24. Nikiforova E. M., Biogeokhimicheskaya otsenka zagryazneniya tyazhelymi metallami agrolandshaftov Vostochnogo Podmoskov’ya (Biogeochemical assessment of heavy metal pollution of agrolandscapes of the Eastern Moscow Region), Geokhimicheskaya ekologiya i biogeokhimicheskoe izuchenie taksonov biosfery, Mosco: Nauka, 2003, pp. 108–109.
  25. Savorskiy V. P., Kashnitskiy A. V., Konstantinova A. M., Balashov I. V., Krasheninnikova Yu. S., Tolpin V. A., Maklakov S. M., Savchenko E. V., Vozmozhnosti analiza giperspektral’nykh indeksov v informatsionnykh sistemakh distantsionnogo monitoringa semeistva “Sozvezdie-Vega” (Capabilities of hyperspectral indices analysis of the Vega-Constellation remote monitoring information systems), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2016, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 28–45.
  26. Savorskiy V. P., Panova O. Yu., Savchenko E. V., Metody analiza dannykh sputnikovogo monitoringa rastitel’nykh arealov dlya vyyavleniya uchastkov nezakonnogo zemledeliya pri provedenii spetsial’nykh ekspertiz (Methods for analyzing satellite monitoring data on plant areals to identify illegal crop fields in the conduct of special examinations), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2018, Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 13–30.
  27. Seregin I. V., Ivanov V. B., Fiziologicheskie aspekty toksicheskogo deistviya kadmiya i svintsa na vysshie rasteniya (Physiological aspects of the toxic effects of cadmium and lead on higher plants), Fiziologiya rastenii, 2001, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 606–630.
  28. Sozdanie nauchno-tekhnicheskoi produktsii dlya realizatsii proekta razvitiya sistemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa v tselyakh prirodopol’zovaniya i okhrany okruzhayushchei sredy: otchet NITsEB RAN o NIR. Ch. 4: Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po ispol’zovaniyu metodov deshifrirovaniya kosmicheskikh snimkov dlya polucheniya kolichestvennykh kharakteristik sostoyaniya okruzhayushchei sredy, prirodnykh i antropogennykh obʺektov (Creation of scientific and technical products for the implementation of the project for the development of a system of remote sensing of the Earth from space for nature management and environmental protection: Research Center for Environmental Safety RAS tech. report. Vol. 4: Guidelines for the use of satellite image decoding methods to obtain quantitative characteristics of the state of the environment, natural and man-made objects), V. P. Gornyy (ed.), Saint Petersburg: Research Center for Environmental Safety RAS, 2006, 162 p.
  29. Titov A. F., Talanova V. V., Kaznina N. M., Laidinen G. F., Ustoichivost’ rastenii k tyazhelym metallam (Plant resistance to heavy metals), Petrozavodsk: Karel’skii nauchnyi tsentr RAN, 2007, 170 p.
  30. Titov A. F., Kaznina N. M., Talanova V. V., Tyazhelye metally i rasteniya (Heavy metals and plants), Petrozavodsk: Karel’skii nauchnyi tsentr RAN, 2014, 194 p.
  31. Barceló J., Poschenrieder C., Plant water relations as affected by heavy metal stress: A review, J. Plant Nutrition, 1990, Vol. 13, pp. 1–37.
  32. Buttar N. A., Yongguang H., Chuan Zh., Tanny J., Ullah I., Aleem M., Height effect of air temperature measurement on sensible heat flux estimation using flux variance method, Pakistan J. Agricultural Sciences, 2019. Vol. 56(3), pp. 793–800, DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/19.8120.
  33. Cleugh H. A., Leuning R., Mu Q., Running S. W., Regional evaporation estimates from flux tower and MODIS satellite data, Remote Sensing of Environment, 2007, Vol. 106, pp. 285–304.
  34. Clevers J. G. P. W., Kooistra L., Salas A. L., Study of heavy metal contamination in river floodplains using the red-edge position in spectroscopic data, Intern. J. Remote Sensing, 2004, Vol. 25, pp. 3883–3895.
  35. Cracknell A. P., Xue Y., Thermal inertia de-termination from space ― a tutorial review, Intern. J. Remote Sensing, 1996, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 431−461.
  36. De Temmerman L., Vandermeiren K., Guns M., Effects of air filtration on spring wheat grown in open-top chambers at a rural site. I. Effect on growth, yield and dry matter partitioning, Environmental Pollution, 1992, Vol. 7, pp. 1–5.
  37. Dirty Metals: Mining, Communities and the Environment: A Report by Earthworks and Oxfam America, 2004, 34 p.
  38. Effects of air pollution on agricultural crops in Europe. Results of the European Open-Top Chambers Project. Air Pollution Research Report 46, Jäger H. J., Unsworth M. H., de Temmerman L., Mathy P. (eds.), Brussels, Commission of the European Communities, 1993.
  39. Gardner G., Sampat P., Mind over Matter: Recasting the Role of Materials in Our Lives. Worldwatch Paper 144, Worldwatch Institute, 1998, 60 p.
  40. Greger M., Ögren E., Direct and inderect effects of Cd2+ on photosynthesis in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), Physiologia Plantarum, 1991, Vol. 83, pp. 129–135.
  41. Gornyy V. I., Kritsuk S. G., Latypov I. Sh., Remote Mapping of Thermodynamic Index of Ecosystem Health Disturbance, J. Environmental Protection, 2010, Vol. 1, pp. 242–250.
  42. Imaging spectrometry, Van der Meer F. D., de Long S. M. (eds.), Springer, 2006, 403 p.
  43. Jorgensen J. S., Svirezhev Yu. M., Towards a Thermodynamic Theory for Ecological Systems, Oxford: Elsevier, 2004, 366 p.
  44. Khudsar T., Mahmooduzzafar I. M., Sairam R. K., Zinc-induced changes in morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters in Artemisia annua, Biologia Plantarum, 2004, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 255–260.
  45. Krupa S. G., Arndt U., Dempster J. P., Manning W. J., The Hohenheim long-term experiment: Effects of ozone, sulphur dioxide and simulated acidic precipitation on Tree Species in a Microcosm, Environmental Pollution, 1990, Vol. 68, Issue 3–4, pp. 193–481.
  46. Lichtenthaler H. K., The stress concept in plants: an introduction, Annals of New York Academy of Sciences, 1998, Vol. 851, pp. 187–198, available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08993.x.
  47. Metals from the Forest. Mining and forest degradation, World Conservation Union (IUCN) and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Gland, Switzerland, 1999, 40 p.
  48. Mineral commodity summaries 2019, U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2019, 200 p., available at: https://doi.org/10.3133/70202434.
  49. Mu Q., Zhao M., Running S. W., Improvements to a MODIS global terrestrial evapotranspiration algorithm, Remote Sensing of Environment, 2011, Vol. 115, No. 8, pp. 1781–1800.
  50. Mu Q., Zhao M., Running S. W., MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration (ET) Product (NASA MOD16A2/A3), Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document, Collection 5, NASA Headquarters, Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, The University of Montana, 2013, 55 p.
  51. Purdy T. L., Milton N. M., Eiswerth B. A., Spectral reflectance of vegetation in the Idaho Cobalt District; potential for exploration using remote sensing , Open-File Report 86-587, U. S. Geological Survey, 1986, 9 p., DOI: 10.3133/ofr86587.
  52. Romanowska E., Igamberdiev A. V., Parys E., Gardeström P., Stimulation of respiration by Pb2+ in detached leaves and mitochondria of C3 and C4 plants, Physiologia Plantarum, 2002, Vol. 116, No. 2, pp. 148–154.
  53. Running S., Mu Q., Zhao M., MOD16A2 MODIS/Terra Net Evapotranspiration 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006, NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC, 2017, DOI: 10.5067/MODIS/MOD16A2.006.
  54. Savorskiy V. P., Loupian E. A., Balashov I. V., Kashnitskiy A. V., Konstantinjva A. M., Tolpin V. A., Uvarov I. A., Kuznetsov O. O., Maklakov S. M., Panova O. Yu., Savchenko E. V., Vega-constellation tools to analize hyperspectral images, Intern. Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ― ISPRS Archives, 2016, XLI-B4, pp. 235–242, DOI: 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B4-235-2016.
  55. Schweizer B., Arndt U., CO2 /H2O gas exchange parameters of one and two year old needles of spruce and fir, Environmental Pollution, 1990, Vol. 68, pp. 275–292.
  56. Slonecker T., Fisher G. B., Aiello D. P., Haack B., Visible and Infrared Remote Imaging of Hazardous Waste: A Review, Remote Sensing, 2010, Vol. 2, No. 11, pp. 2474-2508, DOI: 10.3390/rs2112474.
  57. Steubing L., Fangmeier A., Immissionssituation der Waldbodenvegetation. Sensitivität gegenüber SO2 am natürlichen Standort, Allgemeine Forstzeitung, 1986, Vol. 21, pp. 526–528.
  58. Steubing L., Fangmeier A., Both R., Frankenfeld M., Effects of SO2, NO2 and O3 on population development and morphological and physiological parameters of native herb layer species in a beech forest, Environmental Pollution, 1989, Vol. 58, pp. 281–302.
  59. Vassilev A., Physiological and agroecological aspects of cadmium interactions with barley plants: an overview, J. Central European Agriculture, 2002, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 65–74.
  60. Vassilev A., Berova M., Zlatev Z. (1998a), Influence of Cd2+ on growth, chlorophyll content, and water relations in young barley plants, Biologia Plantarum, 1998, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 601–606.
  61. Vassilev A., Tsonev T., Yordanov I. (1998b), Physiological response of barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L.) to cadmium contamination in soil during ontogenesis, Environmental Pollution, 1998, Vol. 103, pp. 289–297.
  62. Villiers F., Ducruix C., Hugouvieux V., Jarno N., Ezan E., Garin J., Junot C., Bourguignon J., Investigating the plant response to cadmium exposure by proteomic and metabolomic approaches, Proteomics, 2011, Vol. 11, pp. 1650–1663.
  63. Wang J., Xu R., Ma Y., Miao L., Cai R., Chen Yu., The research of air pollution based on spectral features in leaf surface of Ficus microcarpa in Guangzhou, China, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2008, Vol. 42, pp. 73–83, DOI: 10.1007/s10661-007-9909-6.
  64. Watson K., Rowan L. C., Offield T. V., Application of Thermal Modeling in Geologic Interpretation of IR Images, Proc. 7th Intern. Symp. Remote Sensing of Environment, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1971, pp. 2017−2041.
  65. Wollmer H., Kottke K., Fine root studies in situ and in the laboratory, Environmental Pollution, 1990, Vol. 68, pp. 383–407.