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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 285-292

Trends of winter humidification of the Northern Dvina and Pechora basins in the 20th – early 21st centuries based on terrestrial and satellite data

E.A. Cherenkova 1 
1 Institute of Geography RAS, Moscow, Россия
Accepted: 21.06.2019
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-5-285-292
Tendencies of winter precipitation in the basins of the Northern Dvina and Pechora rivers in the 20th – early 21st centuries are in the focus of this study. Analysis of both surface and satellite data shows that positive coefficients of trends in winter precipitation with an average rate of growth of 1.4 mm/10 years in the Northern Dvina basin and 4.6 mm/10 years in the Pechora basin prevailed in 1901–1990. In the 1990s, there was a change in the direction of the trends due to the decrease in precipitation. Precipitation was decreasing in 1991–2015 at a rate of 0.6 mm/10 years in the Northern Dvina basin and at a rate of 3.1 mm/10 years in the Pechora basin. The overall decrease in winter precipitation in the Northern Dvina basin over the last fifteen years was substantially impacted by the changes in precipitation in the eastern part of the basin. At the same time, the most significant changes in precipitation in the Pechora basin have occurred in its central part. It was detected that the number of days with positive temperature in winter increased since 1991 in both basins. The rise in the number of days with thaws at meteorological stations in the Northern Dvina basin was more significant than in the Pechora basin in 1991–2015 compared to the climate norm of 1961–1990 and reached one day in average. In spite of the fact that in 2001–2015 almost all meteorological stations recorded a reduction in the value of snow water equivalent, the number of days with thaws in the north of European Russia was still insufficient for active snow melting and the significant increase of the winter river runoff. The insignificance of the melt water migration in the study area in winter 2001–2015 was indirectly confirmed by satellite data.
Keywords: precipitation, thaws, snow water equivalent, remote sensing, north of European Russia, Northern Dvina, Pechora
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