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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 228-240

Spatial assessment of modern forest fire regimes in Russia

A.S. Plotnikova 1 , D.V. Ershov 1, 2 , A.O. Kharitonova 1 , P.P. Shulyak 1 , S.A. Bartalev 2 , F.V. Stytsenko 2 
1 Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity RAS, Moscow, Russia
2 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 04.10.2019
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-5-228-240
The fire regime determines the conditions of forest fires occurrence, distribution and long-term consequences. The paper presents the results of the assessment of current fire regimes in Russia using the LANDFIRE classification, which contains five classes depending on the fire return interval (less than 35, 36–200 and more than 200 years) and the fire severity (low/medium and high). The study used the following sets of input data: vegetation cover map, created with MODIS spectroradiometer data with a spatial resolution of 250 m; historical data spanning from 1987 to 2011, provided by forest fire protection aviation service; wildfires satellite monitoring multi-annual dataset spanning from 2000 to the present time, available to users of the IKI-Monitoring center for collective use of systems for archiving, processing and analyzing satellite data and long-term data on the fire severity to forests in the four condition categories from 2006 to present, formed on the basis of remote sensing data. The period covered by this study is 30 years ― from 1987 to 2016. The basic spatial unit of current fire regimes assessment is a continuous area of the single forest type, according to vegetation cover map. According to LANDFIRE, the method of assessing current fire regimes at the national level is based on an analysis of fire recurrence within two time intervals ― reference one and current one, as well as the fire severity to forests, per each spatial unit. In this study, the reference interval covers the period from 1987 to 2016; the current one covers the period from 2006 to 2016. As a result, a map of current fire regimes in Russia was created; the legend of the map contains the class “no fires” in addition to five initial classes of LANDFIRE. On the basis of the obtained results, the analysis of the areas of current fire regimes for all types of forest ecosystems in Russia, as well as separately for needle-leaf, deciduous and mixed forests was carried out. A similar analysis was performed for the spatial dataset related to current USA fire regimes provided by the LANDFIRE website. The study showed that, in order to map fire regimes of Russia in accordance with the LANDFIRE approach, it is necessary to extend the reference interval for estimating the fire return interval.
Keywords: fire regimes, fire return interval, fire severity, forest ecosystems
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