Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 69-78
Phytosanitary safety of agro-ecological systems and remote phytosanitary monitoring in plant protection
V.A. Pavlyushin
1 , A.K. Lysov
1 1 All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Saint Petersburg, Pushkin, Russia
Accepted: 25.03.2019
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-3-69-78
Technological approaches to the solution of problems of remote phytosanitary monitoring for harmful organisms in agricultural landscapes are considered. The results of research on the development of remote methods for the acquisition and processing information on small-scale heterogeneity of the distribution of harmful organisms in agricultural landscapes for the differentiated application of plant protection means are presented. The results of evaluation of two methods for the acquisition and processing information about the phytosanitary situation in field are considered. The method of decoding the extracted information is based on the solution of the inverse problem, when the main crop with a uniformly periodic structure contrasted strongly with soil and weeds was removed from the images obtained. The second method is based on the acquisition of geocoding information using optoelectronic sensors that operate in visible and infrared regions of the emission spectrum of green plants, weeds and soil. The issues of mapping the distribution areas of harmful organisms, mapping lesions, spatial heterogeneity of the distribution of weeds, pests and diseases using GIS (geographic information systems) are considered. An analysis of the use of satellite systems, ultralight and unmanned aerial vehicles for solving the tasks of remote phytosanitary monitoring of harmful organisms on crops and perennial plantings was carried out. It is shown that work in this direction will allow solving the main tasks of ensuring the phytosanitary safety of the country and the environmental safety of the human, animal and plant world habitats.
Keywords: remote monitoring, data acquisition, optoelectronic sensors, spectral characteristics of reflection, reflection of weeds, discrete application, means of protection, environmental safety
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