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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 163-172

On the estimation of the contribution of near-surface wind to the kinematics of slicks on the sea surface under conditions of finite wave fetch

I.A. Kapustin 1 , A.V. Ermoshkin 1 , N.A. Bogatov 1 , A.A. Molkov 1 
1 Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Accepted: 20.03.2019
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-2-163-172
The study of the movement of film pollutions (slicks) on the surface of water bodies is of particular interest for ensuring the environmental safety of intensive navigation areas, primarily the sea coastal zones and inland waterways. Diagnostics of pollution at the early stages and their quick monitoring can significantly reduce the cost of eliminating the consequences of a spill and reduce possible environmental risks. In this article the kinematics of artificial film slicks on wavy water surface during the field experiments on the Gorky Reservoir and in the coastal zone of the Black Sea is explored. The observations were carried out using a digital coherent circular viewing radar with high spatial resolution. The paper proposes an algorithm for processing radar panoramas and statistically analyzes the process of the movement of slick spots in the measured drive wind field and currents under various hydrometeorological conditions. During the experiments, various environmentally friendly surfactants were used to create slicks: oleic acid and vegetable oils, which have known characteristics and simulate small spills of pollutants from ships. In the analysis of the spatial dynamics of the slicks, it was shown that the slicks mainly move downstream, and the most likely contribution of wind drift to their speed is from 2.5 to 3 % of the speed of the driving wind. This result is in accordance with generally accepted ideas about the movement of surface-active films on the sea surface, although it has somewhat smaller values, which is presumably due to the influence on the drift of limited wind fetch in the coastal zone of the sea and in the inland waters where the measurements were made. The slightly smaller contribution of the wind-wave drift to the speed of the slick as compared to the values recommended for the calculations (components of the order of 3–5 % of the wind speed according to various data) can have a significant effect in predicting the motion of oil pollution. This is especially important in the coastal zone and in inland waters, where the carrying of pollution to the shore constitutes the main danger. Based on the obtained results, the possibility of estimating the speed of surface currents on the basis of observations of the slick movement by panoramic radars was analyzed. The obtained results are important for remote monitoring of currents in the sea coastal zones and on inland waters.
Keywords: film slicks, radar probing, currents
Full text

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