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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 247-258

The role of ozone layer in the formation of winter jet stream in the middle atmosphere

B.G. Shpynev 1 , D.S. Khabituev 1 , M.A. Chernigovskaya 1 
1 Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia
Accepted: 11.03.2019
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-2-247-258
We consider physical mechanisms responsible for forming plain-layered jet-streams in the winter stratosphere. The jet-streams transport energy and pulse from the equatorial region into the polar region and provide the Brewer-Dobson global circulation. Unlike the conventional notion about the balance between the energy of the solar UV radiation energy absorbed by the stratospheric ozone within the Hartley band and the energy of loss due to the infrared emission from CO2, O3, and H2O molecules, such a balance is shown not to persist. The bias of these energies observed in satellite experiments has a well-defined physical explanation in the form of the dynamic mechanism increasing the air gravity potential in the tropical stratosphere and forming equator/winter pole baroclinic instability, which generates the jet stream. Jet streams transport energy and pulse from equatorial to polar region and facilitate the descending part of the Brewer-Dobson global circulation. The potential energy release, when the stratospheric jet-stream lowers, is ~1018 W/day, the air mass transported by the jet-stream to the tropopause region is estimated as being ~1014 kg/day. Based on the ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis data, we analyzed the motion of the stratospheric air sample particle from the region of gravity potential abundance generation at the summer ozone layer altitudes (40–50 km) to the winter tropopause altitudes, where the stratospheric air ends its motion, thus participating in the cyclogenesis. Duration of the descending part of the Brewer-Dobson circulation in the winter stratosphere/troposphere averages 50–70 days.
Keywords: middle atmosphere circulation, stratospheric jet-stream, energy balance in the stratosphere and troposphere, Brewer-Dobson circulation
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