Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2018, Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 9-20
Star trackers in astroinertial systems of flying vehicles
R.V. Bessonov
1 , E.V. Belinskaya
1 , N.N. Brysin
1 , S.V. Voronkov
1 , A.N. Kurkina
1 , A.A. Forsh
1 1 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 22.11.2018
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2018-15-6-9-20
The paper is devoted to the work of IKI on the creation of star trackers for space, aviation and rocket applications. The presented results demonstrate the progress achieved in the last two decades in developing of wide-field star trackers and their introduction into the spacecraft’s attitude control systems. Instruments of this type allowed to change the approaches to the design of spacecraft angular motion control systems. It became possible to perform astrocorrection almost continuously, without interrupting the solution of spacecraft target tasks. The accuracy of measuring the orientation parameters of star trackers has significantly improved. The instruments with an orientation measurement accuracy of less than an angular second began to appear. As a result, the star trackers have become the basis for ensuring the accuracy of georeferencing of remote sensing data in Russian space technology. The immunity of star trackers to parasite light and the vehicle angular velocity has been also increased. Even greater progress in immunity is achieved by combining a star tracker with a gyroscope. In combination with gyroscopes, wide-field star trackers turned out to be suitable for use in the navigation systems of other types of vehicles: high-altitude aircraft, launch vehicles and spacecraft upper stages.
Keywords: orientation and navigation systems, astroinertial systems, gyroscope, star tracker, astrocorrector
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