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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2018, Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 241-250

Studying the causes of longitudinal irregularities of ionospheric disturbances in the Northern Hemisphere during magnetic storms

B.G. Shpynev 1 , D.S. Khabituev 1 , M.A. Chernigovskaya 1 
1 Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia
Accepted: 23.08.2018
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2018-15-5-241-250
The longitudinal structure of geomagnetic field variations is studied on the basis of two magnetometer chains in the Northern Hemisphere located near latitudes ~55°N and ~70°N during the time periods associated with the development of four magnetic storms in 2012–2014. It has been found that the geomagnetic field variability has irregular longitudinal structure due to difference of geographic and geomagnetic poles and also, perhaps, the existence of anomalies of different spatial scales in the background magnetic field of the Earth. The features of longitudinal variations of the geomagnetic field also depend on the individual characteristics of magnetic storm development. According to the mid-latitude magnetometer chain, the zone of strong variations of H- and Z-components of geomagnetic field is formed in the direction of the Northern geomagnetic pole meridian near ~270° (in geographical coordinates) both in conditions of low and disturbed geomagnetic activity. In the magneto-disturbed periods over Eurasia, two zones of strong variations of the Earth’s magnetic field are formed symmetrically with respect to the geomagnetic pole meridian at ~40° and ~130° longitudes. Between these two zones, there always a sector is formed with the lowest geomagnetic field variations at the longitudes of 80–110°. Along the high-latitude magnetometer chain, the maximum values of Z-component geomagnetic field variations are observed at ~130°, ~300° and ~200° longitudes. For variations of H-component the maximum values are located in the sector of longitudes ~130–200°. These features of the longitudinal structure and variations of the geomagnetic field lead to the fact that the development of geomagnetic storms in the ionosphere also has pronounced longitudinal inhomogeneities.
Keywords: geomagnetic field variations, geomagnetic storm, ionospheric disturbances
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