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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2018, Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 120-129

Variation of microwave losses in pine branches at negative temperatures

G.S. Bordonskiy 1 , A.A. Gurulev 1 , A.O. Orlov 1 , S.V. Tsyrenzhapov 1 
1 Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology SB RAS, Chita, Russia
Accepted: 04.09.2018
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2018-15-5-120-129
The paper presents experimental data on microwave radiation transmission at frequencies of 5.2 GHz and 34 GHz through needles and coniferous branches of Pinus sylvestris at negative temperatures. Measurements were carried out in natural conditions for planting 40-year-old pine in winter in a sharply continental climate, and also in a laboratory experiment. In the investigated objects, the absorption of radiation was measured when changes in their temperature from 0°C to –50°C. In natural conditions, a hysteresis of electromagnetic losses in coniferous branches was detected, at which losses in the area of temperature growth were higher than in the region of their cooling. Such a behavior of the losses turns out to be anomalous in comparison with other moistened finely dispersed media at cycles of its cooling-heating, for example, clay. With an average attenuation value of 3 dB, the power transmission variations in the branches reached 1.0 dB. In laboratory studies performed separately for needles and wood branches, it was found that the anomalies of the loss hysteresis correspond to the wood of the branches, and not the needles. It is assumed that this feature is associated with the formation in the wood of ferroelectric ice 0, at its boundaries with other media the layers with high conductivity appear. These layers can lead to an increase in the loss factor. Moreover, the effect is most pronounced for cellular structures with threadlike liquid inclusions. This effect needs to be considered for remote sensing of forests in winter, it can be used for determining the thermal history of coniferous trees.
Keywords: supercooled water, microwave range, dielectric properties, nanoporous media, second critical point of water, ferroelectric ice 0
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