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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2018, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 142-154

Investigation of forest hydrological processes in watersheds of the Amur River basin according to satellite and hydrometeorological observations

A.L. Verkhoturov 1 , G.V. Sokolova 2 , S.A. Bartalev 3 , L.S. Kramareva 4 
1 Computing Center FEB RAS, Khabarovsk, Russia
2 Institute of the Water and Ecology Problems FEB RAS, Khabarovsk, Russia
3 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
4 Far-Eastern Center of State Research Center of Space Hydrometeorology “Planeta”, Khabarovsk, Russia
Accepted: 30.07.2018
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2018-15-4-142-154
The watershed is a closed ecosystem in which the role of forests is inextricably linked to hydrological processes. Forest hydrologists generally recognize that due to the “loosening” effect of the root system of the stand, the soil porosity increases, the freezing of soils decreases, and their infiltration capacity increases. The soil intensively “absorbs” atmospheric precipitation under given conditions, contributing, as a result of an increase in water permeability, to a reduction in surface slope flow into river beds. However, now the influence of the forested area of the watershed on the river runoff has been studied insufficiently and a strict functional relationship between these factors has not yet been established. This also applies to the watersheds of the Amur River basin, first studied in the middle of the 20th century. Modern capabilities of methods for remote sensing of the Earth from space to map the vegetation cover on the territory of Russia allow us to continue and extend earlier studies to determine the trends in the annual variation in the forest cover of the watersed area, taking into account the differences of the breed structure (separately coniferous and deciduous) and proportions of native species of trees, using data covering the periods of monsoon rains and floods in 2000–2016.
The paper presents the results of a study of the forest hydrological processes in the watersheds of rivers in the Middle and Lower Amur basin using the data of satellite and terrestrial hydrological and meteorological observations for the period from 2000 to 2016. Variability analysis of the forest-covered watershed area in dynamics including river flow indicators, maximum annual flows and water levels, meteorological indicators (temperature, precipitation) is presented for the eight model river basins (Amgun, Bidzhan, Bureya, Big Bira, Kur, Manoma, Nimelen, Tyrma).
Keywords: basin of Amur River, forest hydrological processes, watershed, streamflow, hydrological mode, digital elevation model, remote sensing
Full text

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