Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2017, Vol. 14, No. 7, pp. 41-51
System for monitoring and forecasting emergencies: Structure development and prospects of creation
A.N. Perminov
1 , S.U. Kalinin
1 , S.A. Pulinets
1 , N.V. Razumova
1 , V.V. Kostenko
1 , A.D. Linkov
1 1 JSC “Russian Space Systems”, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 06.10.2017
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2017-14-7-41-51
This paper is devoted to the problems and prospects of creating a complex system for monitoring and forecasting emergencies based on aerospace technologies. It describes various aspects of this issue including hardware necessary to accomplish monitoring tasks; development of a satellite fleet; development of a forecast service cluster; interactions with federal and municipal authorities to ensure that the obtained data are available for the above-mentioned authorities. Based on a physical model of atmosphere and ionosphere anomaly generation, it is proposed to implement integration of traditional ERS hardware (infrared radiometers, multispectral measurement tools, microwave sensors) with plasma and ionosphere devices normally used to monitor space weather. Various options of the orbit configuration are proposed for the system space vehicles with due regard to a dependence of the registered parameters on local time and to vertical profiles of their distribution. It is shown that the proposed system configuration can provide a solution for several tasks related to simultaneous monitoring of catastrophic events (both natural disasters including earthquakes, floods, fires, and man-made ones, for example those associated with environment nuclear contamination). Scientific and technical solutions are proposed for an exterior design of the emergency monitoring system and its subsystems with respect to the requirements of the monitoring data users.
Keywords: natural and man-made catastrophes, emergencies, aerospace technologies, Earth remote sensing
Full textReferences:
- Baskin I.M., Kondrashev V.P., Korolev A.N., Makarov M.I., Men’shikov V.A., Ostankov V.I., Pavlov S.V., Perminov A.N., Piryutin S.O., Pichurin Yu.G., Rad’kov A.V., Khashba N.V., Shevchenko V.G., Mezhdunarodnaya aerokosmicheskaya avtomatizirovannaya sistema monitoringa global’nykh geofizicheskikh yavlenii i prognozirovaniya prirodnykh i tekhnogennykh katastrof (MAKASM) (International aerospace automate system for monitoring of global geophysical and forecasting natural and man-made disasters (IASASM)), pat. 2349513 Rossiiskaya Federatsiya, Int.CI. B64G 1/10, G01V 9/00, No. 2007113860/11, decl. 13.04.07, publ. 27.10.08, 2008, Bull. No. 8, 18 p.
- Brunov G.A., Germanov A.V., Pichkhadze K.M., Polishchuk G.M., Rodin A.L., Fedorov O.S., Nosenko Yu.I., Selin V.A., Asmus V.V., Dyadyuchenko V.N., Mnogotselevaya kosmicheskaya Sistema (Multipurpose space system), pat. 2360848 Rossiiskaya Federatsiya, Int. CI. B64G 1/10, H04B 7/185, G01S 13/06, No. 2008102391/11, decl. 25.01.08, publ. 10.07.09, 2009, Bull. No. 19, 14 p.
- Zheleznov S.A., Makarov M.I., Men’shikov V.A., Morozov K.V., Pichurin Yu.G., Poloz I.V., Pushkarskii S.V., Rad’kov A.V., Seliverstov V.M., Shemetov V.K., Mnogofunktsional’nyi mobil’nyi kompleks obespecheniya potrebitelei monitoringovoi informatsiei (MKOPMI) (Multifunctional mobile complex providing consumers by monitoring information (MCPCMI)), pat. 2475968 Rossiiskaya Federatsiya, Int.CI. H04B 7/00, G01W 1/10, No. 2011126307/07, decl. 28.06.11, publ. 20.02.13, 2013, Bull. No. 5, 15 p.
- Ivanov V.L., Men’shikov V.A., Makarov M.I., Burtsev V.M., Korolev A.N., Kondrashev V.P., Kuz’menko I.A., Makatrov A.S., Nikitin V.M., Pavlov S.V., Pankratov A.I., Pichurin Yu.G., Sistema avtomatizirovannogo kontrolya sostoyaniya potentsial’no opasnykh ob"ektov Rossiiskoi Federatsii v interesakh obespecheniya zashchity ot tekhnogennykh, prirodnykh i terroristicheskikh ugroz (System of automate controlling the state of potentially dangerous objects in Russian Federation in the interests of providing protection from man-made, natural and terroristic threats), pat. 2296421 Rossiiskaya Federatsiya, Int.CI. H04B 7/185, No. 2005119338/09, decl. 22.06.05, publ. 27.03.07, 2007, Bull. No. 9, 25 p.
- Kuz’menko I.A., Lysyi S.R., Makarov M.I., Men’shikov V.A., Pichurin Yu.G., Pushkarskii S.V., Rad’kov A.V., Cherkas S.V., Mezhdunarodnaya aerokosmicheskaya sistema global’nogo monitoringa (MAKSM) (International global aerospace monitoring system (IGMASS)), pat. 2465729 Rossiiskaya Federatsiya, Int.CI. H04B 7/00, B64G 99/00, No. 2010149658/07, decl. 07.12.10, publ. 27.10.12, 2012, Bull. No. 30, 15 p.
- Men’shikov V.A., Makarov M.I., Korolev A.N., Kondrashev V.P., Morozov K.V., Men’shikov V.V., Makarov S.M., Pavlov S.V., Pichurin Yu.G., Kuz’menko I.A., Makatrov A.S., Burtsev V.M., Pushkarskii S.V., Rad’kov A.V., Korovin G.V., Lysyi S.R., Klimenko Yu.L., Khashba N.V., Mnogofunktsional’naya kosmicheskaya sistema avtomatizirovannogo upravleniya i operativnogo kontrolya (monitoringa) kriticheski vazhnykh ob"ektov i territorii Soyuznogo gosudarstva “Rossiya-Belarus’” (Multifunctional space system for automate management and operating control (monitoring) of critically important objects and territories of the Union State of Russia and Belarus), pat. 2338233 Rossiiskaya Federatsiya, Int.CI. G05B 15/00, No. 2006143879/09, decl. 13.12.06, publ. 10.11.08, 2008, Bull. No. 31, 28 p.
- Pulinets S.A. Issledovanie i razrabotka nauchno-tekhnicheskikh reshenii po sozdaniyu Mnogotselevoi aerokosmicheskoi sistemy prognoznogo monitoringa (MAKSM) i servisov kompleksnogo situatsionnogo predstavleniya informatsii preduprezhdeniya o prirodnykh i tekhnogennykh katastrofakh na territorii Rossii i stran SNG (Research and development of scientific and technical solutions for creating Multipurpose aerospace system for forecasting monitoring (MASSM) and services of complex situational presentation of information to warn about natural and man-made disasters on the territory of Russian Federation and CIS countries: Interim R&D report): otchet ob issledovaniyakh (promezhutochnyi), Moscow: Aktsionernoe obshchestvo “Rossiiskie kosmicheskie sistemy”, 2016 No. SR AAAA-A16-11611210019-8, 1109 p.