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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2017, Vol. 14, No. 5, pp. 268-277

Influence of the underlying surface on the accuracy of satellite differential radiometric measurements of water vapor profile in the lower troposphere

V.V. Sterlyadkin 1, 2 , E.V. Pashinov 2 , А.V. Kuzmin 2 , E.A. Sharkov 2 
1 Moscow Technology University, Moscow, Russia
2 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 07.07.2017
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2017-14-5-2680-2770
The possibilities of a differential radiometry method for measuring water vapor profile in the 22 GHz band from a satellite are considered. The level of differential signals and their height selectivity are calculated. It is shown that the altitude selectivity of radiometric channels in the 183 GHz band, which are now widely used for satellite sounding of the humidity profile in the troposphere, is low, especially for the lower layer 0–4 km. This leads to low conditionality of the system of integral equations used in solving the inverse problem. The weighting functions of the differential signals, which have much better selectivity to the lower layers of the troposphere in the altitude interval 0–4 km are given. An estimation of the influence of uncertainty in the parameters of rough sea surface on the accuracy of differential methods is carried out. With a 20% deviation of the humidity profile from the standard, the response of the differential signals has a scale of about 1 K, while the uncertainty contributions of the temperature, salinity and surface wave data together make errors at a level of 0.25 K. This is due to the differential principle of measuring signals and is due to mutual subtraction of distorting factors at different frequencies. This feature of the proposed methods ensures stable convergence of the solution of the inverse problem and, in our opinion, allows us to use new differential measurement methods in the vicinity of the 22 GHz band to reconstruct the water vapor profile in the lower troposphere.
Keywords: measurement of atmospheric radiation, remote sensing, differential methods, water vapor, radiometric measurements, inverse problem, measurement of humidity from space, underlying surface
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