Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2017, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 24-35
Autonomous optical navigation at lunar orbits and during landing on the Moon using an extra wide angle camera
B.S. Zhukov
1 , I.V. Polyansky
1 , S.B. Zhukov
1 1 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
Accepted: 14.02.2017
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2017-14-2-24-35
Autonomous optical navigation at lunar orbits and during landing on the Moon can be performed using an extra wide angle camera with field of view of ~180º in combination with spacecraft attitude measurements by star and inertial sensors. This would enable:
- initial spacecraft position estimation at lunar orbits using horizon observations that would make a priori orbit forecast unnecessary,
- absolute navigation using reference points at lunar orbits and during the first phase of the main braking that would provide spacecraft position estimation accuracy better than 100 m,
- relative navigation by measuring displacements of features in consecutive images at lower altitudes during the main braking,
- spacecraft horizontal velocity estimation, risk mapping and landing site selection during the final landing stage of vertical descent.
As an example of an extra wide angle camera for autonomous optical navigation, Landing System Survey Camera (KOSP) for Luna-Resurs mission is described, with phase A design completed at IKI RAS.
Keywords: autonomous optical navigation, horizon navigation, reference points navigation, landing on the Moon, landing site selection
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